Ixesha elitsha loshishino lweemoto zamandla amatsha liphethe ubuthunywa obubini boguqulo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokuphuculwa kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okusemoyeni, nto leyo eqhuba kakhulu uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso yeentambo ezinombane ophezulu kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumene nezithuthi zombane, kunye nabavelisi bentambo kunye namaqumrhu okuqinisekisa batyale amandla amaninzi kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweentambo zemoto zombane. Iintambo zamandla ombane aphezulu kwizithuthi zombane zineemfuno eziphezulu zokusebenza kuzo zonke iinkalo, kwaye kufuneka zihlangabezane nomgangatho we-RoHSb, ibakala lokubuyiswa komlilo UL94V-0 kunye nokusebenza okuthambileyo. Eli phepha lazisa izinto kunye neteknoloji yokulungiselela iintambo zombane ophezulu kwizithuthi zombane.
1.Izinto zentambo yombane ophezulu
(1) Isixhobo somqhubi wentambo
Okwangoku, kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili ze-cable conductor layer: ubhedu kunye ne-aluminium. Iinkampani ezimbalwa zicinga ukuba undoqo we-aluminium unokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zabo zokuvelisa, ngokongeza ubhedu, isinyithi, i-magnesium, i-silicon kunye nezinye izinto ngesiseko sezinto ezicocekileyo ze-aluminium, ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-synthesis kunye nonyango lwe-annealing, ukuphucula ukuqhutyelwa kombane, ukugoba ukusebenza kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola kwentambo, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zomthamo ofanayo womthwalo, ukuphumeza umphumo ongcono kunye nabaqhubi bobhedu. Ngaloo ndlela, iindleko zemveliso zigcinwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamashishini lusajonga ubhedu njengeyona nto iphambili yomaleko we-conductor, okokuqala, ukuxhathisa kobhedu kuphantsi, kwaye ke uninzi lwentsebenzo yobhedu lungcono kunolo lwe-aluminiyam kwinqanaba elifanayo, njengomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala ngoku, ilahleko yombane ophantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nokuthembeka okunamandla. Okwangoku, ukhetho lwabaqhubi lusebenzisa ngokubanzi umgangatho wesizwe we-6 abaqhubi abathambileyo (i-single copper elongation yocingo kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwe-25%, ububanzi be-monofilament bungaphantsi kwe-0.30) ukuqinisekisa ukuthamba kunye nokuqina kwe-monofilament yobhedu. Itheyibhile 1 idwelisa imigangatho ekufuneka ihlangatyezwane nayo kwizinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zobhedu.
(2) Izinto zokugquma iintambo zeentambo
Ummandla wangaphakathi wezithuthi zombane unzima, ekukhethweni kwezinto zokukhusela, kwelinye icala, ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kwe-insulation layer, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusemandleni ukukhetha ukucutshungulwa lula kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Okwangoku, izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokugquma i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC),ipolyethylene edityaniswe ngomnqamlezo (XLPE), irabha ye-silicone, i-thermoplastic elastomer (i-TPE), njl., kunye neempawu zabo eziphambili ziboniswa kwiThebhile 2.
Phakathi kwazo, i-PVC iqulethe ilothe, kodwa i-RoHS Directive iyakwalela ukusetyenziswa kwelothe, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-chromium ene-hexvalent, i-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) kunye ne-polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi, ngoko kwiminyaka yakutshanje i-PVC iye yatshintshwa yi-XLPE, i-TPE, i-silicone ye-rubber kunye nezinye izinto ze-rubber.
(3) Isixhobo sokukhusela ikhebula
Umaleko okhuselayo wahlulwe ube ngamacandelo amabini: umaleko okhuselayo wesemi-conductive kunye noqweqwe lokhuselo oluphothiweyo. Umthamo we-resistiveivity we-semi-conductive shielding material kwi-20 ° C kunye ne-90 ° C kwaye emva kokuguga isalathiso esibalulekileyo sobugcisa ukulinganisa izinto ezikhuselayo, ezimisela ngokungangqalanga ubomi benkonzo ye-high-voltage cable. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokukhusela i-semi-conductive zibandakanya irabha ye-ethylene-propylene (EPR), i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), kunyei-polyethylene (PE)izixhobo ezisekelwe. Kwimeko yokuba izinto eziluhlaza azinanzuzo kwaye umgangatho womgangatho awukwazi ukuphuculwa kwixesha elifutshane, amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nabavelisi bezinto zentambo bagxininise kuphando lwetheknoloji yokucubungula kunye nomlinganiselo wefomula yezinto ezikhuselayo, kunye nokufuna ukutsha kumlinganiselo wokuqulunqwa kwezinto ezikhuselayo ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwentambo.
2.Inkqubo yokulungiselela intambo yombane ophezulu
(1) Iteknoloji ye-Conductor strand
Inkqubo esisiseko yekhebula iphuhliswe ixesha elide, ngoko ke kukho nemigangatho yazo esemgangathweni kushishino nakumashishini. Kwinkqubo yokudweba ucingo, ngokwendlela engaguqukiyo yocingo olulodwa, izixhobo zokuqhawula zingahlulwa zibe ngumatshini wokuqhawula, umshini wokuqhafaza ongaguqukiyo kunye nomatshini wokuqhawula / ongenakunqandwa. Ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu bekristallisation yomqhubi wobhedu, ubushushu be-annealing kunye nexesha lide, kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa izixhobo zomatshini wokuxina ezingajikiyo ukwenza utsalo oluqhubekayo kunye nokuqhubela phambili ukutsala i-monwire ukuphucula ubude kunye nesantya sokuphuka komzobo wecingo. Okwangoku, intambo ye-polyethylene edibeneyo (i-XLPE) ithathe indawo ngokupheleleyo intambo yephepha leoli phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-500kV yamanqanaba ombane. Kukho iinkqubo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zokwenza i-conductor yee-conductor ze-XLPE: ukuxinana kwesetyhula kunye nocingo lokujija. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-wire core inokuphepha ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwipayipi edibeneyo yokudibanisa ukucinezela izinto zayo zokukhusela kunye nezinto zokugquma kwi-gap yocingo oluxinyiweyo kwaye ibangele inkunkuma; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuthintela ukungena kwamanzi ecaleni kwendlela yomqhubi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwentambo. Umqhubi wobhedu ngokwawo sisakhiwo esixubileyo se-concentric stranding, esiveliswa kakhulu ngumatshini oqhelekileyo wokuthungatha isakhelo, umatshini we-fork stranding, njl.
(2) Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-cable insulation ye-XLPE
Ukuveliswa kwentambo yombane ophezulu we-XLPE, i-catenary dry cross-linking (CCV) kunye ne-vertical dry cross-linking (VCV) ziinkqubo ezimbini zokwenza.
(3) Inkqubo yokukhupha
Ngaphambili, abavelisi beentambo basebenzisa inkqubo ye-extrusion yesibini ukuvelisa i-core insulation core, inyathelo lokuqala ngaxeshanye i-extrusion conductor shield kunye ne-insulation layer, kwaye emva koko idityaniswe kunye nenxeba kwi-tray yentambo, ibekwe ixesha elithile kwaye emva koko i-extrusion insulation shield. Ngexesha le-1970s, inkqubo ye-1 + 2 ye-three-layer extrusion yavela kwi-core core ye-insulated, evumela ukhuselo lwangaphakathi nangaphandle kunye nokugquma ukuba kugqitywe kwinkqubo enye. Inkqubo yokuqala ikhupha i-conductor shield, emva komgama omfutshane (2 ~ 5m), ize ikhuphe i-insulation kunye ne-insulation shield kwi-conductor shield ngexesha elifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela ezimbini zokuqala zineengxaki ezinkulu, ngoko ke ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1990, ababoneleli bezixhobo zokuvelisa intambo bazisa inkqubo yokuvelisa i-co-extrusion enemigangatho emithathu, ekhupha isikhuselo se-conductor, i-insulation kunye ne-insulation shielding ngaxeshanye. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amazwe angaphandle asungule intloko entsha yombhobho we-extruder kunye noyilo lwepleyiti egobileyo, ngokulinganisa i-screw head cavity flow pressure yokunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwezinto, ukwandisa ixesha eliqhubekayo lokuvelisa, ukubuyisela utshintsho olungayekiyo lwenkcazo yoyilo lwentloko lunokonga kakhulu iindleko zexesha lokuphumla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
3. Isiphelo
Izithuthi zamandla amatsha zinamathuba amahle ophuhliso kunye nemarike enkulu, zidinga uthotho lweemveliso zentambo zombane ophezulu ezinomthamo ophezulu womthwalo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, isiphumo sokukhusela i-electromagnetic, ukumelana nokugoba, ukuguquguquka, ubomi obude bokusebenza kunye nokunye ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwimveliso kunye nokuhlala kwimarike. Isixhobo sombane esine-high-voltage cable kunye nenkqubo yokulungiswa kwayo sinamathuba abanzi ophuhliso. Isithuthi sombane asikwazi ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kokhuseleko ngaphandle kwentambo ephezulu yombane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-23-2024