Ixesha elitsha leshishini leemoto zamandla amatsha lijongene nomsebenzi ombini wokuguqulwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nokuphuculwa kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, okukhokelela kakhulu kuphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso lweentambo ze-voltage ephezulu kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumene noko kwizithuthi zombane, kwaye abavelisi beentambo kunye namaziko okuqinisekisa batyale amandla amaninzi kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweentambo ze-voltage ephezulu kwizithuthi zombane. Iintambo ze-voltage ephezulu kwizithuthi zombane zineemfuno zokusebenza okuphezulu kuzo zonke iinkalo, kwaye kufuneka zihlangabezane nomgangatho we-RoHSb, iimfuno ezisemgangathweni ze-UL94V-0 ezithintela ilangatye kunye nokusebenza okuthambileyo. Eli phepha lazisa izixhobo kunye netekhnoloji yokulungiselela iintambo ze-voltage ephezulu kwizithuthi zombane.
1.Izinto zentambo yombane ophezulu
(1) Izinto zomqhubi wentambo
Okwangoku, kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili zomaleko we-cable conductor: ubhedu kunye ne-aluminium. Iinkampani ezimbalwa zicinga ukuba i-aluminium core inokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zazo zemveliso, ngokongeza ubhedu, isinyithi, i-magnesium, i-silicon kunye nezinye izinto ngokusekelwe kwizixhobo ze-aluminium ezicocekileyo, ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokwenziwa kunye nonyango lwe-annealing, ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kombane, ukusebenza kokugoba kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwentambo, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zomthamo ofanayo womthwalo, ukufezekisa isiphumo esifanayo ne-copper core conductor okanye nangcono. Ke ngoko, iindleko zemveliso zigcinwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamashishini lusajonga ubhedu njengezinto eziphambili zomaleko we-conductor, okokuqala, ukumelana kobhedu kuphantsi, kwaye uninzi lokusebenza kobhedu kungcono kunokwe-aluminium kwinqanaba elifanayo, njengomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umbane, ukulahleka kwe-voltage ephantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nokuthembeka okunamandla. Okwangoku, ukhetho lwabaqhubi ngokubanzi lusebenzisa ii-conductors ezithambileyo zesizwe ezisemgangathweni ezi-6 (ukunwebeka kocingo olunye lobhedu kufuneka kube ngaphezulu kwe-25%, ububanzi be-monofilament bungaphantsi kwe-0.30) ukuqinisekisa ukuthamba kunye nokuqina kwe-monofilament yobhedu. Itheyibhile 1 idwelisa imigangatho ekufuneka ifezekiswe kwizixhobo zomqhubi wekopolo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.
(2) Izinto zokwambathisa iintambo
Imeko yangaphakathi yezithuthi zombane iyinkimbinkimbi, ekukhetheni izinto zokukhusela, kwelinye icala, ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo komaleko wokukhusela, kwelinye icala, kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukukhetha ukucutshungulwa okulula kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Okwangoku, izinto zokukhusela ezisetyenziswa rhoqo yi-polyvinyl chloride (PVC),i-polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE), irabha ye-silicone, i-thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), njl.njl., kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili ziboniswe kwiTheyibhile 2.
Phakathi kwazo, i-PVC ine-lead, kodwa i-RoHS Directive iyakwalela ukusetyenziswa kwe-lead, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-hexvalent chromium, i-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) kunye ne-polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi, ngoko ke kwiminyaka yakutshanje i-PVC ithathelwe indawo yi-XLPE, irabha ye-silicone, i-TPE kunye nezinye izinto ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
(3) Izinto zokukhusela iintambo
Umaleko wokukhusela wahlulwe waba ngamacandelo amabini: umaleko wokukhusela ohamba kancinci kunye nomaleko wokukhusela ogobileyo. Ukumelana komthamo wezinto zokukhusela ezihamba kancinci kwi-20 ° C kunye ne-90 ° C kwaye emva kokuguga luphawu olubalulekileyo lobuchwephesha lokulinganisa izinto zokukhusela, oluthi ngokungathanga ngqo lugqibe ubomi benkonzo yentambo ye-high-voltage. Izinto zokukhusela eziqhelekileyo ezihamba kancinci ziquka irabha ye-ethylene-propylene (EPR), i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), kunyei-polyethylene (PE)izixhobo ezisekelwe kuzo. Kwimeko apho izinto eziluhlaza zingenanzuzo kwaye umgangatho womgangatho awunakuphuculwa kwixesha elifutshane, amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nabavelisi bezixhobo zekhebula bagxila kuphando lwetekhnoloji yokucubungula kunye nomlinganiselo wefomula wezinto zokukhusela, kwaye bafuna ubuchule kumlinganiselo wokwakheka kwezinto zokukhusela ukuphucula ukusebenza kwekhebula iyonke.
2. Inkqubo yokulungiselela intambo ye-voltage ephezulu
(1) Itekhnoloji yomatshini wokuqhuba
Inkqubo esisiseko yentambo sele iphuhlisiwe ixesha elide, ngoko ke kukho nemigaqo yayo eqhelekileyo kushishino nakumashishini. Kwinkqubo yokuzoba ucingo, ngokwendlela yokungajiki yocingo olunye, izixhobo zokujikica zingahlulwa zibe ngumatshini wokujikica, umatshini wokujikica kunye nomatshini wokujikica/ukujikica. Ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu bekristali yomqhubi wobhedu, ubushushu kunye nexesha elide, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izixhobo zomatshini wokujikica ukwenza i-monwire eqhubekayo yokutsala kunye nokutsala rhoqo ukuphucula isantya sokwandiswa kunye nokuqhekeka komzobo wentambo. Okwangoku, intambo ye-polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE) ithathe indawo yentambo yephepha yeoyile phakathi kwamanqanaba e-voltage ye-1 kunye ne-500kV. Kukho iinkqubo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zokwenza i-conductor kwi-XLPE conductors: ukuqina kwesangqa kunye nokujikica ucingo. Kwelinye icala, i-core yocingo inokuphepheka ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kumbhobho odibeneyo ukuze icinezele izinto zayo zokukhusela kunye nezinto zokukhusela kwisithuba sentambo edibeneyo kwaye ibangele inkunkuma; Kwelinye icala, inokuthintela ukungena kwamanzi kwicala lomqhubi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwentambo. Umqhubi wobhedu ngokwawo sisakhiwo sokuxhuzula esiqinileyo, esiveliswa kakhulu ngumatshini oqhelekileyo wokuxhuzula isakhelo, umatshini wokuxhuzula ifolokhwe, njl. Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yokuxinana kwesangqa, inokuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwesangqa sokuxhuzula komqhubi.
(2) Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-XLPE cable insulation
Kwimveliso yekhebula le-XLPE elinombane ophezulu, i-catenary dry cross-linking (CCV) kunye ne-vertical dry cross-linking (VCV) ziinkqubo ezimbini zokwakha.
(3) Inkqubo yokukhupha
Ngaphambili, abavelisi beentambo babesebenzisa inkqubo yesibini yokukhupha intambo ukuvelisa isiseko sokukhusela intambo, inyathelo lokuqala ngexesha elinye isikhuselo somqhubi wentambo yokukhupha kunye nomaleko wokukhusela, baze emva koko badibanise intambo yokukhupha ... Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amazwe angaphandle nawo aqalise uyilo olutsha lwentloko yebharele ye-extruder kunye nepleyiti ye-mesh egobileyo, ngokulinganisela uxinzelelo lokuhamba komngxuma wentloko ye-screw ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuqokelelwa kwezinto, kwandiswe ixesha lokuvelisa eliqhubekayo, ukutshintsha utshintsho olungapheliyo lweenkcukacha zoyilo lwentloko nako kunokonga kakhulu iindleko zokungasebenzi kwaye kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle.
3. Isiphelo
Izithuthi zamandla ezintsha zinamathuba amahle ophuhliso kunye nemarike enkulu, zifuna uthotho lweemveliso zeentambo ze-voltage ephezulu ezinomthamo ophezulu womthwalo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, isiphumo sokukhusela i-electromagnetic, ukumelana nokugoba, ukuguquguquka, ubomi obude bokusebenza kunye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwimveliso kunye nokuhlala kwimarike. Izixhobo zeentambo ze-voltage eziphezulu zesithuthi sombane kunye nenkqubo yokulungiselela kwazo zinamathuba abanzi ophuhliso. Isithuthi sombane asinakuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kwaye siqinisekise ukusetyenziswa kokhuseleko ngaphandle kweentambo ze-voltage eziphezulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-23-2024