I-sheath yekhebula (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-sheath yangaphandle okanye i-sheath) ngumaleko ongaphandle wentambo, intambo ye-optical, okanye ucingo, njengowona mqobo ubaluleke kakhulu kwintambo yokukhusela ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo sangaphakathi, ukukhusela intambo kubushushu bangaphandle, ukubanda, okumanzi, i-ultraviolet, i-ozone, okanye umonakalo wekhemikhali kunye noomatshini ngexesha nasemva kofakelo. I-cable sheathing ayenzelwanga ukuba ithathe indawo yokuqinisa ngaphakathi kwentambo, kodwa inokubonelela ngezinga eliphezulu ngokufanelekileyo lokhuseleko olulinganiselwe. Ukongeza, i-cable sheath inokulungisa imilo kunye nefom ye-conductor e-stranded, kunye ne-shielding layer (ukuba ikhona), ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwentambo ye-electromagnetic comppatibility (EMC). Oku kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, umqondiso, okanye idatha ngaphakathi kwentambo okanye ucingo. I-Sheathing nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekomeleleni kweentambo ze-optical kunye neengcingo.
Zininzi iintlobo zemathiriyeli ye-cable sheath, izinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwi-cable sheath zi-ipolyethylene edityanisiweyo (XLPE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA), polyurethane (PUR),i-polyethylene (PE), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) kunyei-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Ngamnye uneempawu ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kwi-cable sheathing kufuneka kuqala kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuhambelana kokusetyenziswa kwezihlanganisi. Umzekelo, iindawo ezibanda kakhulu zinokufuna ikhebula lentambo ehlala ibhetyebhetye kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu. Ukukhetha imathiriyeli yokucheba echanekileyo ibalulekile ekumiseleni eyona ntambo yokukhanya ilungileyo kwisicelo ngasinye. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukuba yeyiphi injongo intambo ye-optical okanye ucingo kufuneka ihlangabezane nayo kwaye zeziphi iimfuno ekufuneka zihlangabezane nazo.
I-Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-cable sheathing. Yenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride esekelwe kwi-resin, yongeza i-stabilizer, i-plasticizer, i-inorganic fillers efana ne-calcium carbonate, izongezo kunye ne-lubricant, njl., ngokuxuba kunye nokuxova kunye ne-extrusion. Inomzimba omhle, umatshini kunye nezixhobo zombane, ngelixa linokuchasana kakuhle kwemozulu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali, kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo ngokufaka izongezo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-flame retardant, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokunye.
Indlela yokuvelisa i-PVC cable sheath kukongeza amasuntswana e-PVC kwi-extruder kwaye uwakhuphe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ukwenza i-tubular cable sheath.
Iingenelo zebhatyi yentambo yePVC zitshiphu, kulula ukuqhubekeka nokuzifaka, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwiintambo eziphantsi kwamandla, iintambo zonxibelelwano, iingcingo zokwakha kunye nezinye iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokubanda, ukuxhathisa kwe-UV kunye nezinye iipropati ze-PVC ze-cable sheathing zibuthathaka, ziqulethe izinto ezinobungozi kwindalo kunye nomzimba womntu, kwaye kukho iingxaki ezininzi xa zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo. Ngokwandiswa kolwazi lwabantu ngokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphuculwa kweemfuno zokusebenza kwezinto, iimfuno eziphezulu ziye zabekwa phambili kwizinto zePVC. Ngoko ke, kwezinye iindawo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokubhabha, i-aerospace, amandla enyukliya kunye nezinye iindawo, i-PVC cable sheathing isetyenziswa ngononophelo.
Polyethylene (PE)yinto eqhelekileyo ye-cable sheath material. Ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali, kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuhle, ukumelana nokubanda kunye nokumelana nemozulu. I-PE cable sheath inokuphuculwa ngokongeza izongezo, ezifana ne-antioxidants, i-Absorbers ye-UV, njl.
Indlela yokuvelisa i-PE cable sheath ifana ne-PVC, kwaye iinqununu ze-PE zongezwa kwi-extruder kwaye zikhutshwe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ukuze zenze i-sheath cable tubular.
I-PE cable sheath inezibonelelo zokumelana nokuguga kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-UV, ngelixa ixabiso liphantsi, lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintambo ze-optical, iintambo zombane ophantsi, iintambo zonxibelelwano, iintambo zemigodi kunye nezinye iindawo. I-Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) yimpahla ye-cable sheath eneempawu eziphezulu zombane kunye nezomatshini. Iveliswa nge-cross-linking polyethylene izinto kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu. I-reaction ye-crosslinking inokwenza izinto ze-polyethylene zenze i-network-dimensional network structure, eyenza ibe namandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. I-XLPE cable sheathing isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi yeentambo zombane ophezulu, ezifana nemigca yokuhambisa, izitishi, njl.
Ipolyurethane (PUR)ibhekisa kwiqela leeplastiki ezaphuhliswa ekupheleni koo-1930. Iveliswa yinkqubo yeekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-addition polymerization. Izinto ezikrwada zidla ngokuba yi-petroleum, kodwa izinto zezityalo ezifana neitapile, umbona okanye i-sugar beet nazo zingasetyenziswa kwimveliso yayo. I-PUR yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo yokucoca ikhebula. Yimathiriyeli ye-elastomer enokumelana okugqwesileyo kokunxiba, ukumelana nokuguga, ukuxhathisa kwe-oyile kunye nokumelana ne-asidi kunye ne-alkali, ngelixa unamandla omatshini kunye neempawu zokubuyisela i-elastic. I-PUR cable sheath inokuphuculwa ngokongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-flame retardants, ii-agent ezichasene nokushisa okuphezulu, njl.
Indlela yokuvelisa i-PUR cable sheath kukongeza amasuntswana e-PUR kwi-extruder kwaye uwakhuphe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ukwenza i-tubular cable sheath. I-Polyurethane ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini.
Izinto eziphathekayo zinokumelana okugqwesileyo kokunxiba, ukuxhathisa ukusika kunye nokumelana nokukrazula, kwaye zihlala ziguquguquka kakhulu nakwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi. Oku kwenza i-PUR ilungele ngakumbi izicelo ezifuna intshukumo eguqukayo kunye neemfuno zokugoba, ezinje ngamatyathanga okutsala. Kwizicelo zerobhothi, iintambo ezine-PUR sheathing zinokumelana nezigidi zemijikelo yokugoba okanye imikhosi eyomeleleyo ye-torsional ngaphandle kweengxaki. I-PUR iphinde ibe nokuchasana okunamandla kwioli, i-solvents kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet. Ukongezelela, kuxhomekeke ekubunjweni kwezinto eziphathekayo, i-halogen-free kunye ne-flame retardant, eziyimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yeentambo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-UL kwaye zisetyenziswe e-United States. Iintambo zePUR ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kumatshini kunye nokwakhiwa kwefektri, i-automation ye-industrial, kunye neshishini leemoto.
Nangona i-PUR cable sheath inomzimba omhle, oomatshini kunye neekhemikhali, ixabiso layo liphezulu kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiindleko eziphantsi, iziganeko zokuvelisa ngobuninzi.
Polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer (TPU)yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo yokushela intambo. Ihluke kwi-polyurethane elastomer (i-PUR), i-TPU yinto ye-thermoplastic eneprosesa elungileyo kunye neplastiki.
I-TPU yekhebula yekhebula inokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle, ukumelana ne-oyile, ukuxhathisa kwe-asidi kunye ne-alkali kunye nokuxhathisa kwemozulu, kwaye inamandla omatshini kunye nokusebenza kwe-elastic recovery, enokuziqhelanisa nentshukumo entsonkothileyo yomatshini kunye nemekobume yokungcangcazela.
I-TPU cable sheath yenziwa ngokongeza amasuntswana e-TPU kwi-extruder kunye nokuwakhupha phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ukwenza i-tubular cable sheath.
TPU cable sheathing isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimizi-mveliso, izixhobo zoomatshini, iinkqubo zokulawula intshukumo, iirobhothi kunye namanye amasimi, kunye neemoto, iinqanawa kunye namanye amasimi. Inokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kwe-elastic recovery, inokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo intambo, kodwa inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphantsi.
Xa kuthelekiswa nePUR, TPU cable sheathing inenzuzo yokusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenzwa kunye neplastiki, enokuziqhelanisa nobukhulu bentambo kunye neemfuno zokumila. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-TPU sheathing liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiindleko eziphantsi, iziganeko zokuvelisa ngobuninzi.
Irabha yeSilicone (PU)yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo yokushela intambo. Yimathiriyeli ye-polymer ephilayo, ebhekisa kwikhonkco eliphambili elenziwe ngesilicon kunye ne-athomu ye-oksijini ngokutshintshana, kwaye i-athomu ye-silicon idla ngokudityaniswa namaqela amabini erabha. Irabha ye-silicone eqhelekileyo iqulunqwe ikakhulu ngamatyathanga e-silicone aqukethe amaqela e-methyl kunye nenani elincinci le-vinyl. Ukuqaliswa kweqela le-phenyl kunokuphucula ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuphantsi kwerubha ye-silicone, kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-trifluoropropyl kunye neqela le-cyanide kunokuphucula ukuxhathisa ukushisa kunye nokuchasana kweoli yerubha ye-silicone. I-PU inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokubanda kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation, kwaye inokuthamba okuhle kunye neempawu zokubuyisela i-elastic. I-Silicone rubber cable sheath inokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo ngokongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-agent-resistant-resistant agents, i-oil resistant agents, njl.
Indlela yokuvelisa i-silicone i-rubber cable sheath kukongeza umxube we-rubber ye-silicone kwi-extruder kwaye uyikhuphe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ukwenza i-sheath ye-tubular cable. I-silicone sheath yentambo yerabha yerabha isetyenziswa kakhulu kubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, iimfuno zokuxhathisa imozulu, njenge-aerospace, izityalo zamandla enyukliya, i-petrochemical, imikhosi kunye nezinye iindawo.
Inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation, inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kubushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, indawo eyomeleleyo ye-corrosion, kodwa inamandla alungileyo omatshini kunye nokusebenza kwe-elastic recovery, inokuziqhelanisa nentshukumo entsonkothileyo yomatshini kunye nendawo yokungcangcazela.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixhobo zokushela intambo, i-silicone yerabha ye-rubber sheathing inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation, kodwa ikwanokuthamba okuhle kunye nokusebenza kwe-elastiki yokubuyisela, ilungele iimeko zokusebenza ezinzima ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-silicone sheath yentambo ye-rubber iphezulu, kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiindleko eziphantsi, iziganeko zokuvelisa ubuninzi.
I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo yokushela intambo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-polytetrafluoroethylene. Yimathiriyeli yepolymer enokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali, kwaye inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kubushushu obuphezulu obugqithileyo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neendawo eziqinileyo zomhlwa. Ukongeza, iiplastiki zefluorine zikwanazo iipropathi ezilungileyo zokunqanda amadangatye kunye nokumelana nokunxiba.
Indlela yokuvelisa ye-fluorine yeplastiki yekhebula yekhebula kukongeza amasuntswana eplastiki e-fluorine kwi-extruder kwaye uwakhuphe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ukwenza i-tubular cable sheath.
I-fluorine ikhebula yentambo yeplastiki isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-aerospace, izityalo zamandla enyukliya, i-petrochemical kunye nezinye iindawo eziphezulu, kunye ne-semiconductors, unxibelelwano lwe-optical kunye nezinye iinkalo. Inokumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kubushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, imeko-bume eyomeleleyo ye-corrosion ixesha elide, kodwa ikwanawo amandla omatshini kunye nokusebenza kwe-elastic recovery, inokuziqhelanisa nentshukumo entsonkothileyo yomatshini kunye nemeko-bume yokungcangcazela.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixhobo ze-cable sheath, i-fluorine i-cable sheath ye-cable sheath inokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ilungele iindawo zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-fluorine ye-cable sheath yeplastiki iphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiindleko eziphantsi, iziganeko zokuvelisa ubuninzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-14-2024