Siyazi ukuba iintambo ezahlukeneyo zineentsebenzo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ngoko ke izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokubanzi, intambo yenziwe nge-conductor, umaleko okhuselayo, umaleko wokugquma, umaleko we-sheath, kunye nomaleko wesikrweqe. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu, isakhiwo siyahluka. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abacacanga ngomahluko phakathi kwe-insulation, i-shielding, kunye ne-sheath layers kwiintambo. Masiziqhekeze ukuze siqonde ngcono.
(1) I-Insulation Layer
Uluhlu lwe-insulation kwikhebula lubonelela ngokuyinhloko phakathi komqhubi kunye nokusingqongileyo okanye abaqhubi abasondeleyo. Iqinisekisa ukuba umsinga wombane, amaza ombane, okanye imiqondiso ye-optical ethwalwa ngumqhubi ihanjiswa kuphela ecaleni komqhubi ngaphandle kokuvuza ngaphandle, ngelixa ikwakhusela izinto zangaphandle kunye nabasebenzi. Ukusebenza kwe-insulation kuqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo i-voltage elinganisiweyo ikhebula elinokumelana nayo kunye nobomi bayo benkonzo, okwenza kube enye yezinto eziphambili zekhebula.
Izinto zokugquma ikhebula zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe yimathiriyeli yokugquma iplastiki kunye nemathiriyeli yokugquma irabha. Iintambo zombane ezigqunywe ngeplastiki, njengoko negama lisitsho, zinemigangatho yokugquma eyenziwe ngeeplastiki ezikhutshiweyo. Iiplastiki eziqhelekileyo ziquka iPolyvinyl Chloride (PVC), iPolyethylene (PE),IPolyethylene eDityanisiweyo (XLPE), kunye noMsi oPhantsi we-Zero Halogen (LSZH). Phakathi kwazo, i-XLPE isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintambo eziphakathi kunye nephezulu-voltage ngenxa yezinto ezigqwesileyo zombane kunye nezomatshini, kunye nokumelana nokuguga okuphezulu kwe-thermal kunye nokusebenza kwe-dielectric.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iintambo zamandla ezifakwe kwirabha zenziwe ngerabha exutywe neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa kwaye zicutshungulwe ukuba zifakwe kwi-insulation. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokugquma irabha ziquka imixube yerubber-styrene yendalo, i-EPDM (i-Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer irabha), kunye nerubha ye-butyl. Ezi zixhobo ziguquguqukayo kunye ne-elastic, zifanelekile ukuhamba rhoqo kunye ne-radius encinci yokugoba. Kwizicelo ezinje ngemigodi, iinqanawa, kunye namazibuko, apho ukuxhathisa kwe-abrasion, ukuxhathisa kwe-oyile, kunye nokuguquguquka kubaluleke kakhulu, iintambo ezifakwe zerabha zidlala indima engenakubuyiselwa.
(2) Umaleko wesingxobo
Umaleko we-sheath wenza ukuba iintambo ziqhelane neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. Isetyenziswe phezu kwe-insulation layer, indima yayo ephambili kukukhusela iileyile zangaphakathi zekhebula kumonakalo womatshini kunye nokubola kweekhemikhali, ngelixa uphucula amandla omatshini wentambo, ukubonelela ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo. I-sheath iqinisekisa ukuba intambo ikhuselwe kuxinzelelo lomatshini kunye nezinto zokusingqongileyo ezifana namanzi, ukukhanya kwelanga, ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo, kunye nomlilo, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwe ukusebenza kombane okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide. Umgangatho we-sheath uchaphazela ngqo ubomi benkonzo yentambo.
Umaleko we-sheath ukwabonelela ngokumelana nomlilo, ukubuyiswa komlilo, ukunganyangeki kweoyile, ukuxhathisa kweasidi kunye nealkali, kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-UV. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, iileya ze-sheath zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili: i-sheaths yensimbi (kubandakanywa ne-outer sheath), i-rubber sheaths / iplastiki, kunye neeshethi ezidibeneyo. Izingxobo zerabha/iplastiki kunye neengxubevange azithinteli nje kuphela umonakalo owenziwe ngoomatshini kodwa zikwakhusela nokungangeni kwamanzi, ukubaleka kwamadangatye, ukuxhathisa umlilo kunye nokungaginywa komhlwa. Kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana nokufuma okuphezulu, itonela engaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nezityalo zekhemikhali, ukusebenza kwe-sheath layer kubaluleke kakhulu. Izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu we-sheath aziyandisi nje kuphela ubomi benkonzo yentambo kodwa ziphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka ngexesha lokusebenza.
(3) Umaleko oKhuselayo
Uluhlu olukhuselayo kwintambo luhlulwe lube lukhuselo lwangaphakathi kunye nokhuselo lwangaphandle. Ezi maleko ziqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluhle phakathi kwe-conductor kunye ne-insulation, kunye naphakathi kwe-insulation kunye ne-sheath yangaphakathi, ukuphelisa ukwanda kombane ongaphezulu komhlaba obangelwa yimigangatho erhabaxa yee-conductor okanye iileya zangaphakathi. Iintambo zamandla aphakathi kunye nophezulu-voltage ngokubanzi zineekhondatha ezikhuselayo kunye nezikhuselo zokugquma, ngelixa ezinye iintambo ezinombane ophantsi zisenokungaxhotyiswanga ngamaleko akhuselayo.
Ukhuselo lunokuba lukhuselo lwesemi-conductive okanye lwentsimbi. Iifom eziqhelekileyo zokukhusela isinyithi zibandakanya ukusonga iteyiphu yobhedu, ukuphoswa kocingo lobhedu, kunye nefoyile ye-aluminiyam ye-polyester ehlanganisiweyo yetape yokusonga. Iintambo ezikhuselweyo zihlala zisebenzisa izakhiwo ezifana nezikhuselo eziphothiweyo, izikhuselo zeqela, okanye izikhuselo ezipheleleyo. Uyilo olunjalo lubonelela ngelahleko ephantsi ye-dielectric, amandla othumelo olomeleleyo, kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kokuchasana nokuphazamiseka, okwenza ukuba ukuhanjiswa okuthembekileyo kwemiqondiso ye-analog ebuthathaka kunye nokuchasana nokuphazamiseka okunamandla kombane kwindawo yeshishini. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni amandla, isinyithi, i-petroleum, amashishini ekhemikhali, ukuhamba ngololiwe, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwemveliso ezizenzekelayo.
Ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezikhuselayo, ukhuselo lwangaphakathi luhlala lusebenzisa iphepha elinesinyithi okanye izinto ezi-semi-conductive, ngelixa ukhuselo lwangaphandle lunokubandakanya ukusonga ngeteyiphu yobhedu okanye ukuphoswa kocingo lobhedu. Izinto zokulukwa zidla ngokuba lubhedu olungenanto okanye ubhedu olunkonkxiweyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko iingcingo zobhedu ezifakwe ngesilivere zokomelezwa kokumelana nomhlwa kunye nokuqhuba. Isakhiwo sokukhusela esiyilwe kakuhle asiphuculi nje ukusebenza kombane kwiintambo kodwa sinciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphazamiseka kwemitha yombane kwizixhobo ezikufutshane. Kwiindawo zanamhlanje ezinombane kakhulu kwaye ziqhutywa lulwazi, ukubaluleka kokukhuselwa kuya kuphawuleka ngakumbi.
Ukuqukumbela, le yiyantlukwano kunye nemisebenzi yokugquma intambo, ukukhuselwa, kunye neengqimba zesheath. ELINYE Ihlabathi likhumbuza wonk’ ubani ukuba iintambo zihlobene ngokusondeleyo nobomi nokhuseleko lwempahla. Iintambo ezingekho mgangathweni akufuneki zisetyenziswe; soloko ivela kubenzi bentambo abathembekileyo.
IHLABATHI elinye ligxile ekuboneleleni ngemathiriyeli ekrwada kwiintambo kwaye lizimisele ukubonelela abathengi ngezisombululo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Iimveliso zethu zigubungela ukufakwa okwahlukeneyo, i-sheath, kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela, ezifana ne-XLPE, i-PVC, i-LSZH, i-Aluminium Foil Mylar Tape, i-Copper Tape,I-Mica Tape, kunye nokuninzi. Ngomgangatho ozinzileyo kunye nenkonzo ebanzi, sibonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo yokwenziwa kwentambo kwihlabathi liphela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-20-2025