Iindlela kunye neendidi zePolyethylene Synthesis
(1) I-Polyethylene Enoxinano Oluphantsi (I-LDPE)
Xa kufakwa inani elincinci leoksijini okanye iiperoxide njengeziqalisi kwi-ethylene ecocekileyo, ecinezelwe malunga ne-202.6 kPa, kwaye ishushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200°C, i-ethylene ipolima ibe yi-polyethylene emhlophe, ene-wax. Le ndlela idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngenxa yeemeko zokusebenza. I-polyethylene ephumayo inobunzima obuyi-0.915–0.930 g/cm³ kunye nobunzima be-molecular obuqala kwi-15,000 ukuya kwi-40,000. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lwe-molecular lunamasebe amaninzi kwaye lukhululekile, lufana nolwakhiwo "olufana nomthi", olubangela uxinano lwayo oluphantsi, yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-polyethylene enoxinano oluphantsi.
(2) I-Polyethylene enoxinano oluphakathi (I-MDPE)
Inkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphakathi ibandakanya ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization ye-ethylene phantsi kwe-atmospheres ezingama-30-100 kusetyenziswa ii-catalysts ze-metal oxide. I-polyethylene ephumayo inobunzima obuyi-0.931-0.940 g/cm³. I-MDPE inokwenziwa ngokuxuba i-polyethylene enobunzima obuphezulu (i-HDPE) ne-LDPE okanye nge-copolymerization ye-ethylene kunye nee-comonomers ezifana ne-butene, i-vinyl acetate, okanye ii-acrylates.
(3) I-Polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE)
Phantsi kweemeko zobushushu eziqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo, i-ethylene ipholishwa kusetyenziswa ii-catalysts zokulungelelanisa ezisebenzayo kakhulu (ii-organometallic compounds ezenziwe yi-alkylaluminum kunye ne-titanium tetrachloride). Ngenxa yomsebenzi ophezulu we-catalytic, impendulo ye-polymerization inokugqitywa ngokukhawuleza kwiingcinezelo eziphantsi (0–10 atm) kunye namaqondo obushushu aphantsi (60–75°C), yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi. I-polyethylene ephumayo inesakhiwo se-molecular esingamasebe, esithe nkqo, esinegalelo kwi-density yayo ephezulu (0.941–0.965 g/cm³). Xa ithelekiswa ne-LDPE, i-HDPE ibonisa ukumelana nobushushu okuphezulu, iipropati zoomatshini, kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo.
Iimpawu zePolyethylene
I-Polyethylene yiplastiki emhlophe qhwa, efana newax, engabonakaliyo kancinci, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokukhusela nokukhusela iintambo kunye neentambo. Iingenelo zayo eziphambili ziquka:
(1) Iipropati zombane ezibalaseleyo: ukumelana okuphezulu kobushushu kunye namandla e-dielectric; i-permittivity ephantsi (ε) kunye ne-dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-frequency, kunye nokuxhomekeka okuncinci kwe-frequency, okwenza ukuba ibe yeyona dielectric ifanelekileyo kwiintambo zonxibelelwano.
(2) Iimpawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini: ziguquguquka kodwa ziqinile, zinokumelana okuhle nokuguquguquka.
(3) Ukumelana okunamandla nokwaluphala kobushushu, ukubuthathaka kubushushu obuphantsi, kunye nozinzo lweekhemikhali.
(4) Ukumelana kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nokufunxwa komswakama okuncinci; ukumelana nobushushu ngokubanzi akunciphi xa kuntywiliselwa emanzini.
(5) Njengento engekho kwi-polar, ibonakalisa ukuvuleka kwegesi okuphezulu, apho i-LDPE ineyona iphakamileyo ukuvuleka kwegesi phakathi kweeplastiki.
(6) Ubunzima obuphantsi bomxhuzulane, bonke bungaphantsi kwe-1. I-LDPE iphawuleka kakhulu malunga ne-0.92 g/cm³, ngelixa i-HDPE, nangona ixinene kakhulu, imalunga ne-0.94 g/cm³ kuphela.
(7) Iipropati ezilungileyo zokucubungula: kulula ukunyibilikisa nokwenza iplastiki ngaphandle kokubola, iphola ngokulula ibe yimo, kwaye ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwijiyometri yemveliso kunye nobukhulu bayo.
(8) Iintambo ezenziwe nge-polyethylene zilula, kulula ukuzifaka, kwaye kulula ukuziphelisa. Nangona kunjalo, i-polyethylene ikwanazo neengxaki ezininzi: ubushushu obuphantsi bokuthambisa; ukutsha, ukukhupha ivumba elifana neparafini xa itshisiwe; ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphantsi kokusingqongileyo kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo iyadingeka xa usebenzisa i-polyethylene njengogquma okanye isigqubuthelo seentambo zasemanzini okanye iintambo ezifakwe kwiindawo ezithe nkqo ezithe nkqo.
Iiplastiki zePolyethylene zeengcingo kunye neentambo
(1) Iplastiki yePolyethylene yokukhusela iintsholongwane yeenjongo ezibanzi
Yenziwe kuphela nge-polyethylene resin kunye nee-antioxidants.
(2) Iplastiki yePolyethylene Engamelaniyo Nemozulu
Ngokuyintloko yenziwe nge-polyethylene resin, ii-antioxidants, kunye ne-carbon black. Ukumelana nemozulu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani besuntswana, umxholo, kunye nokusasazeka kwe-carbon black.
(3) Iplastiki yePolyethylene ekwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo lwendalo
Isebenzisa i-polyethylene ene-melt flow index engaphantsi kwe-0.3 kunye nokusasazwa kobunzima be-molecular obuncinci. I-polyethylene ingadibaniswa ngokusebenzisa i-irradiation okanye iindlela zeekhemikhali.
(4) Iplastiki yePolyethylene yokukhusela iVoltage ephezulu
Ukufakwa kwentambo ye-voltage ephezulu kufuna iplastiki ye-polyethylene ecocekileyo kakhulu, eyongezelelwe ngeziqinisi ze-voltage kunye nee-extruders ezikhethekileyo ukuthintela ukwakheka kwe-void, ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kwe-resin, kunye nokuphucula ukumelana ne-arc, ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kombane, kunye nokumelana ne-corona.
(5) Iplastiki yePolyethylene engathathi cala
Yenziwa ngokongeza umnyama wekhabhoni oqhubayo kwi-polyethylene, kusetyenziswa umnyama wekhabhoni onamasuntswana amancinci, onesakhiwo esiphezulu.
(6) I-Thermoplastic Low-Smoke Zero-Halogen (LSZH) Polyolefin Cable Compound
Le khompawundi isebenzisa i-polyethylene resin njengezinto ezisisiseko, ibandakanya izinto ezithintela ilangatye ezingenayo i-halogen, izinto ezithintela umsi, izinto eziqinisa ubushushu, izinto ezithintela ukubola, kunye nezinto ezifaka imibala, ezicutshungulwa ngokuxuba, ukwenza iplastiki, kunye nokufaka ipellet.
I-Polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE)
Phantsi kwesenzo semitha enamandla aphezulu okanye ii-agents ezidibanisayo, ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli oluthe ngqo lwe-polyethylene luguquka lube lulwakhiwo olunemilinganiselo emithathu (inethiwekhi), luguqula izinto ze-thermoplastic zibe yi-thermoset. Xa zisetyenziswa njenge-insulation,I-XLPEinokumelana namaqondo obushushu asebenzayo aqhubekekayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90°C kunye namaqondo obushushu afutshane angama-170–250°C. Iindlela zokudibanisa ziquka ukudibanisa ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweekhemikhali. Ukudibanisa ngemitha yelanga yindlela ebonakalayo, ngelixa i-arhente yokudibanisa ngokweekhemikhali eqhelekileyo yi-DCP (i-dicumyl peroxide).
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-10-2025