Ngokuguqulwa kolwakhiwo lwamandla ehlabathi kunye nokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwethekhinoloji, iintambo zamandla amatsha ngokuthe ngcembe ziba zizinto eziphambili kwintsimi yokuhanjiswa nokuhanjiswa kwamandla. Iintambo zamandla amatsha, njengoko negama lisitsho, luhlobo lweentambo ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amasimi afana nokuvelisa amandla amatsha, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Ezi ntambo azinamsebenzi osisiseko wombane weentambo zesintu kuphela, kodwa kufuneka zijamelane nemiceli mngeni emininzi kwizicelo zamandla amatsha, kubandakanya neemeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo, imekobume ye-electromagnetic enzima kunye nokungcangcazela komatshini. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga ikamva leentambo zamandla amatsha kunye namathemba azo osetyenziso olubanzi.
Ukusebenza okukodwa kunye nemingeni yeentambo zamandla amatsha
Uyilo kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo zeentambo zamandla amatsha ziyingqayizivele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemimandla eyahlukeneyo. Kwintsimi yokuvelisa amandla elanga, i-photovoltaic array cables isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-photovoltaic panel components. Ezi ntambo zibekwe ngaphandle unyaka wonke, ngoko kubalulekile ukuxhathisa imitha yeultraviolet kunye nokwaluphala kwezinto. Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zihlala zisebenzisa kakhulu ukumelana nemozuluXLPEizixhobo zokugquma kunye neeshethi zangaphandle ze-polyolefin ezixhathisa ukukrazula ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide. Iintambo zoqhagamshelo lwe-inverter kufuneka zibe nokuxhathisa kakuhle komlilo, ngoko ke iintambo zePVC ezingatshiyo zilukhetho lokuqala.
Iimfuno zeentambo kummandla wokuvelisa amandla omoya zingqongqo ngokulinganayo. Iintambo ezingaphakathi kwijenereyitha kufuneka zikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Isisombululo esixhaphakileyo kukusebenzisa i-copper wire braiding yokukhusela ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Ukongeza, iintambo zeenqaba, iintambo zokulawula, njl njl kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla omoya nazo kufuneka zibe nokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokuxhathisa imozulu ukuze kumelane neemeko zendalo ezintsonkothileyo neziguquguqukayo.
Intsimi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ineemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kweentambo. Iintambo zamandla ombane aphezulu zinoxanduva lokudibanisa iipakethi zebhetri, iimoto kunye neenkqubo zokutshaja. Basebenzisa ii-conductors zobhedu ezicocekileyo ezinezixhobo zokugquma i-XLPE ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, uyilo lwekhebula ludibanisa umaleko okhuselayo we-aluminium foil kunye nocingo lobhedu. Iintambo zokutshaja ze-AC kunye ne-DC zixhasa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokutshaja kunye neendlela, kugxininiswa umthamo ophezulu wangoku wokuthwala kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-insulation ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha.
Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla nazo zixhomekeke kwinkxaso yekhebula. Iintambo zokudibanisa ibhetri kufuneka zikwazi ukujamelana nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwixinzelelo lwangoku kunye ne-thermal, ngoko ke izinto zokufakelwa kombane ezifana ne-XLPE okanye i-rubber ekhethekileyo isetyenziswa. Iintambo ezidibanisa inkqubo yokugcina amandla kwigridi kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho ephezulu ye-voltage kwaye ibe nokuguquguquka okuhle kokusingqongileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuhanjiswa kwamandla.
Imfuno yemarike kunye nokukhula kweentambo zamandla amatsha
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphumelela okuqhubekayo kunye nokuthandwa kobuchwepheshe obutsha bamandla, amashishini afana namandla omoya, amandla elanga, kunye neenqwelo zamandla amatsha ziye zazisa ukukhula okugqabhukileyo, kwaye imfuno yeentambo zamandla amatsha nayo inyuke kakhulu. Idatha ibonisa ukuba isikali seeprojekthi zamandla amatsha eziza kuqaliswa ngo-2024 ziya kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu elitsha, kunye nomthamo wonyaka wokuqalisa we-28 yezigidi zeekilowatts, kuquka ne-7.13 yezigidi zeekilowatts zeeprojekthi zokuvelisa amandla ombane we-photovoltaic, i-1.91 yezigidi zeekilowatts zeeprojekthi zokugcina amandla, i-13.55 yezigidi zeekilowatts zeeprojekthi zamandla omoya omoya, kunye ne-13.
Njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo kwi-photovoltaic industry chain, iintambo ze-photovoltaic zineembono ezibanzi kakhulu zophuhliso. I-China, i-United States kunye neYurophu yimimandla emithathu enomthamo omkhulu we-photovoltaic efakwe kwi-43%, i-28% kunye ne-18% yehlabathi jikelele, ngokulandelanayo. Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiisekethe ze-DC kwizixhobo zokumisa ezingalunganga zeenkqubo zokubonelela ngombane. Amanqanaba ombane wabo aqhele ukuba yi-0.6/1kV okanye i-0.4/0.6kV, kwaye amanye aphakame njenge-35kV. Ngokufika kwexesha lokulingana, imboni ye-photovoltaic imalunga nokungena kwinqanaba lokukhula kokuqhuma. Kwiminyaka eyi-5-8 ezayo, i-photovoltaics iya kuba yimithombo yombane yehlabathi.
Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini lokugcina amandla nalo alunakwahlulwa kwinkxaso yeentambo zamandla amatsha. Imfuno yeentambo eziphezulu ze-DC, ezisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokulawula izikhululo zamandla okugcina amandla, kunye neentambo ze-AC eziphakathi kunye ne-low-voltage, ezisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-transformers, iikhabhathi zokuhambisa, kunye nezixhobo eziphantsi-voltage ezifana nezibane kunye nokulawula kwizikhululo zamandla zokugcina amandla, nazo ziya kwanda kakhulu. Ngokukhuthazwa kwenjongo "yekhabhoni ezimbini" kunye nokuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji yebhethri ye-lithium, imboni yokugcina amandla iya kungenisa indawo ebanzi yophuhliso, kwaye iintambo zamandla amatsha ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyo.
Ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zobugcisa kunye neendlela zokusingqongileyo zokukhusela iintambo zamandla amatsha
Ukuphuhliswa kweentambo zamandla amatsha akufuni kuphela ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka, kodwa kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye neemfuno eziphantsi zekhabhoni. Uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kokusingqongileyo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye neengcingo ezikhethekileyo zokusebenza kunye neentambo ziye zaba yindlela ebalulekileyo kwishishini. Ngokomzekelo, ukuphuhliswa kweemveliso zekhebula ezifanelekileyo kwiindawo zokushisa eziphezulu kunokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezixhobo ezifana namandla omoya kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla elanga kwiindawo ezigqithiseleyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nokwakhiwa kweegridi ezihlakaniphile kunye nokufikelela kwimithombo yamandla esasazwayo, iingcingo kunye neentambo nazo kufuneka zibe nobukrelekrele obuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka.
Abavelisi beekhebula batyala imali ngokusebenzayo kuphando kunye nophuhliso kwaye baqalise uluhlu lweemveliso zentambo ezikhethekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziphezulu zeentambo kwintsimi yamandla entsha. Ezi mveliso ziquka iintambo zenkxaso yemodyuli ye-photovoltaic ezifanelekileyo ngakumbi kuphahla olusicaba, i-solar cell module lead iingcingo zofakelo olusisigxina, iintambo ze-tension wire pulleys kwiinkqubo zokulandelela, kunye neentambo zokutshaja iimfumba ezinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
Uphuhliso lohlaza luye lwaba yimvumelwano yehlabathi, kwaye umbane, njengoshishino olusisiseko kuqoqosho lwesizwe, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukhula kwicala le-green and low-carbon. Iingcingo ezingenamlilo, ezingenalo ihalogen, umsi ophantsi, kunye neentambo ezinekhabhoni enganeno kokusingqongileyo kunye neentambo zifunwa kakhulu yimarike. Abavelisi bekhebula banciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yeemveliso ngokuphucula izixhobo kunye neenkqubo, kwaye baphuhlise iimveliso zekhebula ezikhethekileyo ezinexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezithile.
Ikamva elizayo
Iintambo zamandla amatsha, kunye nokusebenza kwazo ezizodwa, zibonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo kuphuhliso lweshishini elitsha lamandla. Ngokukhula okwandayo kobuchwephesha bamandla amatsha kunye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yentengiso, imfuno yeentambo zamandla amatsha iya kuqhubeka nokunyuka. Oku akukhuthazi nje ukuqalwa ngokutsha kwethekhinoloji kushishino lweentambo, kodwa kukwakhuthaza uphuhliso lwemimandla enxulumeneyo efana nesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo, iinkqubo zokuvelisa, kunye novavanyo lobuchwepheshe.
Kwixesha elizayo, kunye nokuphumelela okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kweentambo zamandla amatsha kuya kuqhubeka nokuphucula, ukubeka isiseko sokusetyenziswa okubanzi kombane oluhlaza emhlabeni jikelele. Iintambo zamandla amatsha ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngakumbi ziya kungena kancinci kancinci ebomini bethu, zincede ukuguqulwa kolwakhiwo lwamandla ehlabathi, kwaye zibe negalelo ngakumbi kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ishishini lekhebula liya kuqhuba uphando olunzulu kunye nokuziqhelanisa kwicala lophuhliso lohlaza, kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kunye nenzuzo yamashishini ngokudala iimodeli zokusebenza ezikrelekrele kunye nedijithali, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olulungelelanisiweyo lwamashishini anyukayo nasezantsi kwikhonkco leshishini, kwaye ekugqibeleni afezekise injongo yophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu.
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yendlela yamandla yexesha elizayo, iintambo zamandla amatsha zinethuba elibanzi losetyenziso kunye namandla amakhulu ophuhliso. Ngokuguqulwa kolwakhiwo lwamandla ehlabathi kunye nenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe, iintambo zamandla amatsha ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwinguqu yamandla yehlabathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-06-2024