Kwiimveliso zocingo kunye neentambo, izakhiwo ezikhuselayo zohlulwe zibe ziikhonsepthi ezimbini ezihlukeneyo: ukhuselo lwe-electromagnetic kunye nokukhusela indawo yombane. Ukukhusela i-electromagnetic shielding kusetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuthintela iintambo zesignali ezisebenza ngamaza aphezulu (ezifana neentambo ze-RF kunye neentambo zombane) ekubangeleni uphazamiseko kwindawo yangaphandle okanye ukuthintela amaza ombane ombane angaphandle ekuphazamiseni iintambo ezihambisa imisinga ebuthathaka (efana nomqondiso kunye neentambo zokulinganisa), kunye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka phakathi kweentambo. Ukukhusela intsimi yombane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yenzelwe ukulinganisa iindawo zombane ezinamandla kwindawo yomqhubi okanye umphezulu wokufakelwa kweentambo zamandla aphakathi kunye naphezulu.
1. Ulwakhiwo kunye neeMfuno zoMbane wokuKhusela uMbane
Ukukhusela iintambo zombane zahlulwe zibe yi-conductor shielding, i-insulation shielding, kunye ne-metal shielding. Ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo, iintambo ezine-voltage ezilinganisiweyo ezingaphezu kwe-0.6 / 1 kV kufuneka zibe ne-metal shielding layer, enokuthi ifakwe kwii-cores ezifakwe kwi-insulated okanye i-core cable core. Kwiintambo ezinombane olinganisiweyo ubuncinane we-3.6/6 kV usebenzisa i-XLPE (i-polyethylene edibeneyo) yokugquma, okanye iintambo ezinombane olinganisiweyo ubuncinane we-3.6/6 kV usebenzisa i-EPR ecekethekileyo (i-ethylene propylene rubber) ukugquma (okanye ukugquma okungqindilili okunomthamo olinganisiweyo ubuncinane we-6/10 kV), isakhiwo se-semieconduct efunekayo kwakhona.
(1) I-Conductor Shielding kunye ne-Insulation Shielding
I-Conductor Shielding (I-Inner Semi-Conductive Shielding): Oku kufuneka kungabi yintsimbi, kubandakanya imathiriyeli ekhutshiweyo ye-semi-conductive okanye indibaniselwano ye-semi-conductive tape esongelwe kwi-conductor elandelwa yimathiriyeli ekhutshiweyo ye-semi-conductive.
I-Insulation Shielding (I-Outer Semi-Conductive Shielding): Oku kukhutshelwa ngokuthe ngqo kumphezulu ongaphandle we-insulation core nganye kwaye ibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo okanye ixobukeke ukusuka kumaleko wokugquma.
Iileya ezikhutshiweyo zangaphakathi nangaphandle zesemi-conductive kufuneka zidityaniswe ngokuqinileyo kwi-insulation, kunye ne-interface egudileyo engenazimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-conductor stranding, iincam ezibukhali, amasuntswana, ukutshisa, okanye imikrwelo. Ukuxhathisa ngaphambi nasemva kokuguga kufuneka kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1000 Ω·m kuluhlu olukhuselayo lwe-conductor kwaye ungabi ngaphezu kwe-500 Ω·m kuluhlu lokukhusela lokukhusela.
Izinto zokukhusela ezingaphakathi kunye nezangaphandle ze-semi-conductive zenziwa ngokuxuba izinto ezihambelanayo zokukhusela (ezifana ne-polyethylene edibeneyo (i-XLPE) kunye ne-ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)) kunye nezongezo ezifana ne-carbon black, i-anti-aging agents, kunye ne-ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. I-carbon particles emnyama kufuneka ihanjiswe ngokulinganayo kwi-polymer, ngaphandle kwe-agglomeration okanye ukusabalalisa kakubi.
Ubukhulu bemigangatho yangaphakathi nangaphandle ye-semi-conductive yokukhusela inyuka ngokulinganiswa kombane. Ekubeni amandla entsimi yombane kwi-insulation layer iphezulu ngaphakathi kwaye iphantsi ngaphandle, ubukhulu be-semi-conductive shielding layers kufuneka bube bukhulu ngaphakathi kwaye buncinci ngaphandle. Kwiintambo ezilinganiswe kwi-6 ~ 10 ~ 35 kV, ubukhulu bomaleko ongaphakathi ngokuqhelekileyo buqala ukusuka kwi-0.5 ~ 0.6 ~ 0.8 mm.
(2) Ukukhuselwa kwentsimbi
Iikheyibhile ezine-voltage ezilinganisiweyo ezingaphezu kwe-0.6/1 kV kufuneka zibe ne-metal shielding layer. Uluhlu olukhuselayo lwesinyithi kufuneka lugqume umphandle wesiseko ngasinye se-insulated okanye i-cable core. Ukukhusela isinyithi kunokubandakanya iteyiphu enye okanye ngaphezulu, iintambo zetsimbi, iileya ezinzulu zeengcingo zetsimbi, okanye indibaniselwano yeengcingo zetsimbi kunye neeteyiphu.
EYurophu nakumazwe aphuhlileyo, apho iinkqubo zokuxhathisa-ezisekelwe kwi-dual-circuit systems zisetyenziswa kwaye imisinga ye-short-circuit currents iphezulu, ukukhuselwa kocingo lwekhopha kuhlala kusetyenziswa. E-China, iinkqubo zobonelelo lwamandla e-arc ezisekelwe kwi-coil-based single-circuit zixhaphake kakhulu, ngoko ke ukukhuselwa kweteyiphu yobhedu ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa. Abavelisi beekhebhula bathenga iiteyiphu zobhedu eziqinileyo ngokuzinqunqa kunye nokuqhotyoshwa ukuze zithambe phambi kokusetyenziswa. Iiteyiphu zobhedu ezithambileyo kufuneka zihambelane nomgangatho we-GB/T11091-2005 "iTapes zeCopper for Cables".
Ukhuselo lweteyiphu yobhedu kufuneka luqulathe umaleko omnye weteyiphu ethambileyo yobhedu okanye imigangatho emibini yeteyiphu yobhedu elisongelwe isikhewu. Umyinge wokugqithana ophakathi kufuneka ube yi-15% yobubanzi beteyiphu, kunye nesantya esincinci sokugqithana esingekho ngaphantsi kwe-5%. Ubukhulu obuncinci betape yobhedu kufuneka bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.12 mm kwiintambo ezisisiseko esisodwa kwaye zingabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.10 mm kwiintambo ezininzi. Ubuncinci bobunzima kufuneka bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-90% yexabiso legama.
Ukhuselo lweengcingo zobhedu lubandakanya iingcingo ezithambileyo zobhedu ezinxenxekileyo, ezinomgangatho okhuselweyo ngeengcingo zobhedu ezisonge umva okanye iiteyiphu. Ukuchasana kwayo kufuneka kuhambelane nomgangatho we-GB / T3956-2008 "Abaqhubi beeCables", kwaye indawo yayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-cross-sectional area kufuneka imiselwe ngokusekelwe kumandla akhoyo.
2. Imisebenzi ye-Shielding Layers kunye nobudlelwane babo kunye ne-Voltage Ratings
(1) Imisebenzi ye-Inner and Out Semi-Conductive Shielding
Iikhondaktha zeekhebula zikholisa ukwenziwa ngeengcingo ezininzi ezixineneyo nezixineneyo. Ngexesha le-insulation extrusion, izithuba zendawo, ii-burrs, okanye izitenxo zomphezulu phakathi komphezulu we-conductor kunye ne-insulation layer inokubangela ukugxininiswa kwentsimi yombane, okukhokelela ekukhutshweni okuyingxenye kunye nokukhutshwa komthi, okunciphisa ukusebenza kombane. Ngokukhupha umaleko we-semi-conductive material (i-conductor shielding) phakathi kwe-conductor surface kunye ne-insulation layer, inokubopha ngokuqinileyo kunye ne-insulation. Ekubeni i-semi-conductive layer inamandla afanayo kunye ne-conductor, naziphi na izikhewu phakathi kwazo aziyi kuba nemiphumo yentsimi yombane, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela ukukhutshwa kwenxalenye.
Ngokufanayo, izikhewu phakathi kwendawo yokugquma yangaphandle kunye ne-sheath yesinyithi (okanye isikhuselo sesinyithi) inokukhokelela ekukhutshweni kancinci, ngakumbi kumazinga aphezulu ombane. Ngokukhupha umaleko we-semi-conductive material (i-insulation shielding) kwi-insulation surface yangaphandle, yenza i-equipotential surface kunye ne-sheath yensimbi, ukuphelisa iziphumo zombane ngaphakathi kwezithuba kunye nokuthintela ukukhutshwa kwenxalenye.
(2) Imisebenzi yeMetal Shielding
Imisebenzi yokukhusela isinyithi ibandakanya: ukuqhuba i-capacitive currents phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ukusebenza njengendlela ye-short-circuit (fault) currents, ukuvala intsimi yombane ngaphakathi kwe-insulation (ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kwindawo yangaphandle), kunye nokuqinisekisa iindawo zombane ezifanayo (iindawo zombane zeradial). Kwiinkqubo ezithathu zocingo ezine, iphinda isebenze njengomgca ongathathi hlangothi, ithwele imisinga engalinganiyo, kwaye ibonelela nge-radial waterproofing.
3. Malunga neCable ye-OW
Njengomthengisi ohamba phambili wezinto eziluhlaza zocingo kunye nentambo, i-OW Cable ibonelela nge-polyethylene (XLPE) yomgangatho ophezulu we-cross-linked, iiteyiphu zobhedu, iingcingo zobhedu, kunye nezinye izinto zokukhusela ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iintambo zombane, iintambo zonxibelelwano, kunye neentambo ezikhethekileyo. Iimveliso zethu zihambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye sizimisele ukuhambisa izisombululo ezithembekileyo zokukhusela intambo kubathengi bethu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-24-2025