Ngokubanzi, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeefayibha: ezo zixhasa iindlela ezininzi zokusasazeka okanye iindlela ezinqamlezayo zibizwa ngokuba ziifayibha ze-multi-mode (MMF), kwaye ezo zixhasa imo enye zibizwa ngokuba ziifayibha ze-single-mode (SMF). Kodwa yintoni umahluko phakathi kwazo? Ukufunda eli nqaku kuya kukunceda ufumane impendulo.
Isishwankathelo seSingle Mode Vs Multimode Fiber Optic Cable
I-fiber yemowudi enye ivumela ukusasazeka kwemowudi enye yokukhanya ngexesha, ngelixa i-fiber ye-optical ye-multimode inokusasaza iindlela ezininzi. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwazo ukwi-fiber core diameter, ubude be-wavelength kunye nomthombo wokukhanya, i-bandwidth, i-color sheath, umgama, iindleko, njl.njl.
I-Single Mode vs Multimode Fiber, Yintoni Umahluko?
Lixesha lokuthelekisa imo enye vs. imowudi eninziifayibha ye-opticalkwaye baqonde umahluko wabo.
Ububanzi obuphambili
Intambo yeSingle Mode inobukhulu obuncinci be-core, ngesiqhelo yi-9μm, nto leyo evumela ukuncitshiswa okuphantsi, ii-bandwidth eziphezulu, kunye nomgama omde wokudluliselwa.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-Multimode optical fiber inobukhulu obukhulu be-core, idla ngokuba yi-62.5μm okanye i-50μm, kunye ne-OM1 kwi-62.5μm kunye ne-OM2/OM3/OM4/OM5 kwi-5μm. Nangona kukho umahluko ngobukhulu, ayibonakali lula kwi-naked eve kuba incinci kunobubanzi beenwele zomntu. Ukujonga ikhowudi eprintiweyo kwintambo ye-fiber optic kunokunceda ukuchonga uhlobo.
Ngomgquba okhuselayo, zombini iifayibha zemowudi enye kunye ne-multimode zinobubanzi be-125μm.
Ubude beWavelength kunye nomthombo wokukhanya
I-Multimode optical fiber, enobukhulu bayo obukhulu, isebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya engabizi kakhulu efana nokukhanya kwe-LED kunye nee-VCSELs kwi-850nm kunye ne-1300nm wavelengths. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, intambo ye-single mode enomongo wayo omncinci, isebenzisa ii-laser okanye ii-laser diodes ukuvelisa ukukhanya okufakwe kwintambo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-wavelengths ye-1310nm kunye ne-1550nm.
Ibhendiwidth
Ezi ntlobo zimbini zefayibha zahlukile kubuchule be-bandwidth. Ifayibha yemowudi enye inika i-bandwidth engapheliyo ngenxa yenkxaso yayo kwimo yomthombo wokukhanya omnye, nto leyo ebangela ukuncitshiswa nokusasazwa okuncinci. Lukhetho olukhethwayo kunxibelelwano olukhawulezayo oluhamba umgama omde.
Kwelinye icala, i-multimode fiber inokudlulisa iindlela ezininzi ze-optical, kodwa inokunciphisa okuphezulu kunye nokusasazwa okukhulu, okunciphisa umda we-bandwidth yayo.
Ifayibha yemowudi enye idlula ifayibha ye-optical yemowudi ezininzi ngokwemilinganiselo yomthamo we-bandwidth.
Ukunciphisa
I-fiber ye-single-mode ine-attenuation ephantsi, ngelixa i-fiber ye-multimode isengozini enkulu yokunciphisa.
Umgama
Ukuncitshiswa okuphantsi kwentambo yemowudi enye kunye nokusasazwa kwemowudi kuvumela umgama omde kakhulu wokudlulisela kunemowudi ezininzi. Imowudi eninzi ixabisa kancinci kodwa inqunyelwe kwiikhonkco ezimfutshane (umz., i-550m ye-1Gbps), ngelixa imowudi enye isetyenziselwa ukudlulisela okude kakhulu.
Ixabiso
Xa kujongwa ixabiso lilonke, amacandelo amathathu adlala indima ebalulekileyo.
Iindleko zokufakela
Iindleko zokufakela ifayibha yemowudi enye zihlala zibonwa ziphezulu kuneentambo zemowudi ezininzi ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo. Nangona kunjalo, inyani iphambene noko. ngenxa yokwenziwa kakuhle, okonga i-20-30% xa kuthelekiswa nefayibha yemowudi ezininzi. Kwiifayibha ze-OM3/OM4/OM5 ezibiza kakhulu, imowudi enye ingonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% nangaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko ze-transceiver ye-optical nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Iindleko ze-Optical Transceiver
I-transceiver ye-optical yinxalenye yeendleko ezibalulekileyo kwi-fiber cabling, ithatha inxalenye enkulu, ngamanye amaxesha ifikelela kwi-70% yeendleko zizonke. Ii-transceiver ze-single mode zihlala zibiza ngaphezulu ngokuphindwe kayi-1.2 ukuya kwi-6 kunezo ze-multimode. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-single mode isebenzisa ii-laser diodes ezinamandla aphezulu (LD), ezibiza kakhulu, ngelixa izixhobo ze-multimode zihlala zisebenzisa ii-LED ezibiza kancinci okanye ii-VCSELS.
Iindleko zoPhuculo lweNkqubo
Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwezobuchwepheshe, iinkqubo zeentambo zihlala zifuna ukuphuculwa nokwandiswa. Iintambo ze-fiber optic zemowudi enye zibonelela ngokuguquguquka okukhulu, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuguquguquka. Intambo ye-Multimode, ngenxa yokuba i-bandwidth yayo incinci kunye nokukwazi kwayo umgama omfutshane, isenokusokola ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zexesha elizayo zokudluliselwa kwesignali yomgama omde kunye nomthamo ophezulu.
Ukuphucula inkqubo ye-fiber optic yemowudi enye kulula ngakumbi, kubandakanya ukutshintsha iswitshi kunye nee-transceivers kuphela ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubeka iifayibha ezintsha. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwi-multimode cable, ukuphucula ukusuka kwi-OM2 ukuya kwi-OM3 uze emva koko uye kwi-OM4 ukuze kudluliselwe ngesantya esiphezulu kuya kubangela iindleko eziphezulu kakhulu, ingakumbi xa kutshintshwa iifayibha ezibekwe phantsi komgangatho.
Ngamafutshane, i-multimode ixabisa kancinci kwimigama emifutshane, ngelixa i-single mode ifanelekile kwimigama ephakathi ukuya kwemide.
Umbala
Ukubhala ikhowudi yombala kwenza kube lula ukuchongwa kohlobo lwentambo. I-TlA-598C ibonelela ngekhowudi yombala ecetywayo yoshishino ukuze iqondwe lula.
I-Multimode OM1 kunye ne-OM2 zihlala zinejakethi yeorenji.
I-OM3 idla ngokuba neejakethi ezinombala we-Aqua.
I-OM4 idla ngokuba neejakethi ezinombala we-Aqua okanye i-Violet.
I-OM5 yayinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Imowudi enye ye-OS1 kunye ne-OS2 zihlala zinejakethi ezityheli.
Isicelo
Intambo yemowudi enye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-backbone ezikude nakwiinkqubo ze-metro kwiinethiwekhi ze-telecom, datacom, kunye ne-CATV.
Kwelinye icala, intambo ye-multimode isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezikufutshane ezifana namaziko edatha, i-cloud computing, iinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye neeLAN (iiLocal Area Networks).
Isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, iintambo zefayibha zemowudi enye zilungele ukuhanjiswa kwedatha efikelela ixesha elide kwiinethiwekhi zothutho, iiMAN, kunye neePON. Iintambo zefayibha zemowudi ezininzi, kwelinye icala, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkampani, kwiziko ledatha, nakwiiLAN ngenxa yokuba zifutshane kakhulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhetha uhlobo lwefayibha oluhambelana neemfuno zakho zenethiwekhi ngelixa ucinga ngexabiso lilonke lefayibha. Njengomyili wenethiwekhi, ukwenza esi sigqibo kubalulekile ekusetweni kwenethiwekhi okusebenzayo nokuthembekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-19-2025