Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwentambo yamandla luyilwe ngokweeleya, apho ileya nganye yenza imisebenzi ethile ukuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla ombane ngokukhuselekileyo, okusebenzayo, nokuthembekileyo ukusuka kumthombo wokuvelisa amandla ukuya kumsebenzisi wokugqibela. Olu yilo lwemodyuli luvumela iintambo ukuba zilungelelanise neemfuno ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka ekusasazweni kwe-voltage ephantsi ukuya ekuhanjisweni kwe-voltage ephezulu kakhulu, kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo loomatshini, lweekhemikhali, kunye nokusingqongileyo ngexesha lokufakwa kunye nokusebenza ixesha elide.
Ulwakhiwo oluneenkcukacha kunye nemisebenzi yile ilandelayo:
1. Umqhubi (Undoqo Wokuqhuba)
Umsebenzi: Isebenza njengomjelo ophambili wokudlulisa amandla ombane, ithwala umsinga kwaye ichonga amandla okuthwala umsinga wentambo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuqhuba umbane.
Izixhobo kunye neenkqubo: Ngokwesiqhelo zenziwe ngobhedu oluqhotsiweyo olunamandla (ukumelana okuphantsi, ukuguquguquka okuhle) okanye ii-conductor ze-aluminium ezitsalwa nzima. Ukulinganisela ukuguquguquka namandla, ii-conductor zihlala zenziwe ngokubopha rhoqo iingcingo ezininzi ezincinci. Iimilo zazo ezinqamlezileyo zenzelwe ukugcwalisa ngokuqinileyo indawo yokufudumala kunye nokuphucula ukusasazwa kobushushu.
2. Iileya zokukhusela
Umsebenzi: Le migca ilandelayo ye-semiconducting yenza "inkqubo yokulinganisa," ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusasazwa okufanayo kwentsimi yombane kwiintambo eziphakathi neziphezulu.
Isikhuselo seKhondisi: Xa sisongelwa ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu wekhondisi, sizalisa ukungalungi okuncinci kunye neengxangxasi ngaphakathi kwekhondisi evalelekileyo, nto leyo ethintela ukukhutshwa kwekhoroni kunye nokufakwa kombane kwindawo ethile.
Isikhuselo Sokugquma: Sifakwe ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu ongaphandle womaleko wokugquma, sihambelana kakuhle nombane kwaye sibonelela ngotshintsho oluthambileyo kumaleko ongaphandle wesinyithi.
Izinto: Zombini zizinto ezidibanisa i-semiconductor, kwaye i-volume resistivity ilawulwa ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-10² ukuya kwi-10⁵ Ω·cm.
3. Umaleko wokuvala ubushushu
Umsebenzi: Ibonelela ngokwahlulahlula umbane, ukumelana nevolthi yokusebenza kunye ne-overvoltages ukuthintela ukuqhekeka okanye ukuvuza.
Izixhobo: Izinto eziphambiliI-Polyethylene eDibeneyo (XLPE)Irabha ye-Ethylene Propylene (EPR) isetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-medium-voltage kunye ne-high-flexibility. I-Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinethiwekhi zokusasaza ze-low-voltage.
4. Umaleko weSikhuselo seMetallic
Umsebenzi: Ibonelela ngendlela yokukhusela umbane ongalunganga, ukhuselo lwe-electromagnetic, kunye nokhuseleko lomhlaba.
Iifomu:Iteyiphu yobheduukhuselo, ukhuselo lwentambo yobhedu, okanye iishelufu zesinyithi ezirhabaxa (ezikwabonelela ngomsebenzi wokuthintela amanzi ngemitha).
5. Uleya Wokuzalisa
Umsebenzi: Izalisa izithuba kwiintambo ezininzi ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo kwisakhiwo, kwaye ibonelela ngokukhusela umswakama kunye noncedo.
Izinto: Izinto ezingezizo ezithambileyo ezifana ne-polypropylene (PP) ripcord okanye iintambo ezithintela amanzi.
6. Isingxobo Sangaphakathi
Umsebenzi: Ikhusela umaleko wekhaka lesinyithi ekuboleni kwaye ibonelela ngomqobo wokuqala wamanzi kunye nokufuma.
Izixhobo: Iishelufu zePolyethylene (PE) okanye zePolyvinyl Chloride (PVC) ezikhutshiweyo. Kwiizicelo ezifuna ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthintela amanzi, iishelufu ze-aluminium-polyethylene laminated zihlala zisetyenziswa.
7. Uludwe lwezixhobo
Umsebenzi: Ibonelela ngokhuseleko loomatshini ekutyunyuzweni ngexesha lokungcwatywa ngokuthe ngqo, ukutsalwa ngexesha lokufakelwa, kunye noxinzelelo ngexesha lokubekwa kwenqanawa engaphantsi komhlaba.
Iintlobo: Isikhuselo seteyiphu yentsimbi (ngokuyintloko sokumelana nokucinezelwa) okanye isikhuselo sentsimbi yentsimbi (sokuqina kokutsalwa).
8. Isingxobo sangaphandle
Umsebenzi: Umaleko ongaphandle wokhuseleko, omelana nokugqwala kwendalo.
Izinto: Izinto zeshelufu zePVC okanye zePE, ezinokuthi zivelise izinto zeshelufu ezikhethekileyo ezithintela ilangatye, ezingenayo i-halogen, kunye nezingenamsi kakhulu.
9. Ulwakhiwo oluKhethekileyo
Ulwakhiwo Lokuthintela Ukungangeni Manzi: Iishelufu zesinyithi ezifakwe i-corrugated okanye i-powder/tapes/gels ezithintela amanzi.
Ulwakhiwo loKhuseleko loMlilo: Irabha ye-silicone evulwa nge-ceramic, ii-mica tapes, okanye izinto ze-low-smoke ze-zero-halogen (LSZH).
Ukuhlanganiswa okukrelekrele: Ezinye iintambo zidibanisa iiyunithi zefayibha ye-optical ukuze zilinganise ubushushu okanye zinxibelelane.
10. Umzekelo woLwakhiwo (Intambo ye-High-Voltage Single-Core)
Umqhubi weCopper → Isihlangu soMqhubi → Ukufakwa kweXLPE → Isihlangu sokufakwa kweNkunkuma → Isihlangu seNsimbi esiNgcaliweyo → Isihlangu sangaphakathi sePE → Isihlangu seNsimbi sentsimbi → Isihlangu sangaphandle.
11. Isishwankathelo
Intambo yamandla yimveliso yenkqubo eyenziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zomaleko ngamnye kunefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kothumelo lwentambo, ubomi benkonzo, kunye nenqanaba lokhuseleko. Ubuchwepheshe bentambo yanamhlanje buyaphuhla busiya kumanqanaba aphezulu ombane, amandla amakhulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ubukrelekrele obandileyo, kunye nokuzinza okuphuculweyo kokusingqongileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-18-2025