Iintambo ezingangeni manzi zibhekisa kuhlobo lwentambo apho izinto zesheya ezingangeni manzi kunye noyilo zisetyenziswa kwisakhiwo sentambo ukuthintela amanzi ukuba angangeni ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo sentambo. Injongo yayo ephambili kukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kwentambo kwiindawo ezimanzi, ezingaphantsi komhlaba okanye ezingaphantsi kwamanzi nakwezinye iindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu, kunye nokuthintela iingxaki ezinje ngokonakala kombane kunye nokuguga kwe-insulation okubangelwa kukungena kwamanzi. Ngokweendlela zabo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintambo ezingangeni manzi ezithintela amanzi ukuba angangeni ngokuxhomekeka kwisakhiwo ngokwaso, kunye neentambo ezithintela amanzi ukuba angasasazeki kwiimpendulo zezinto.
Intshayelelo kwiCable engangeni manzi yohlobo lweJHS
Intambo engangeni manzi yohlobo lwe-JHS yintambo engangeni manzi eqhelekileyo enezigqubuthelo zerabha. Zombini umaleko wayo wokukhusela kunye nesigqubuthelo zenziwe ngerabha, zinokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kunye nokuqina kwamanzi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezifana nombane wepompo engaphantsi komhlaba, imisebenzi engaphantsi komhlaba, ukwakhiwa kwamanzi, kunye nokukhupha amanzi kwisikhululo samandla, kwaye ifanelekile ukuhambahamba ixesha elide okanye okuphindaphindiweyo emanzini. Olu hlobo lwentambo ludla ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo esineentloko ezintathu kwaye lufanelekile kwiimeko ezininzi zoqhagamshelo lwepompo yamanzi. Njengoko inkangeleko yayo ifana neyeentambo eziqhelekileyo ezinezigqubuthelo zerabha, xa ukhetha uhlobo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba inesakhiwo sangaphakathi esingangeni manzi okanye uyilo lwesigqubuthelo sesinyithi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno zokwenyani zendawo yokusetyenziswa.
Ulwakhiwo kunye neendlela zokukhusela iintambo ezingangeni manzi
Uyilo lwesakhiwo seentambo ezingangeni manzi ludla ngokwahluka ngokweemeko zokusetyenziswa kunye namanqanaba ombane. Kwiintambo ezingangeni manzi ezinesiseko esinye,iteyiphu yokuthintela amanzi eqhuba kancinciokanye eqhelekileyoiteyiphu yokuvala amanziIhlala isongelwe kumaleko wokukhusela ubushushu, kwaye ezinye izinto zokuthintela amanzi zingafakwa ngaphandle komaleko wokukhusela wesinyithi. Kwangaxeshanye, umgubo wokuthintela amanzi okanye iintambo zokugcwalisa amanzi ziyadityaniswa ukuphucula ukusebenza kokutywina ngokubanzi. Izinto zeshelufu ikakhulu yi-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE) okanye irabha ekhethekileyo enomsebenzi wokuthintela amanzi, esetyenziselwa ukuphucula amandla okuthintela amanzi ngokubanzi.
Kwiintambo ze-voltage ezininzi okanye eziphakathi neziphezulu, ukuphucula ukusebenza kokungangeni manzi, iteyiphu ye-aluminium egqunywe ngeplastiki idla ngokusongelwa ngaphakathi kwi-lining layer yangaphakathi okanye kwi-sheath, ngelixa i-HDPE sheath ikhutshelwa kwi-layer yangaphandle ukwenza isakhiwo esingangeni manzi esidibeneyo.i-polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE)Iintambo ezigqunyiweyo ze-110kV nangaphezulu komgangatho, iishelufu zesinyithi ezifana ne-aluminium ecinezelweyo ngobushushu, i-lead ecinezelweyo ngobushushu, i-aluminium ehlanganisiweyo edityanisiweyo, okanye iishelufu zesinyithi ezitsalwa ngokubandayo zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngezakhono zokukhusela ezingcono ze-radial.
Indlela yokukhusela iintambo ezingangeni manzi: ukuthintela manzi okude kunye nokusasazeka kwemitha
Iindlela zokuthintela amanzi kwiintambo ezingangeni manzi zinokwahlulwa zibe kukuthintela amanzi okuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokuthintela amanzi okuhlala ixesha elide. Ukuthintela amanzi okuhlala ixesha elide kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezithintela amanzi, ezifana nomgubo othintela amanzi, intambo ethintela amanzi, kunye neteyipu ethintela amanzi. Emva kokuba amanzi engenile, aya kwanda ngokukhawuleza ukuze enze umaleko wokuzahlula ngokwasemzimbeni, nto leyo ethintela ngokufanelekileyo amanzi ukuba angasasazeki kubude bentambo. Ukuthintela amanzi okuhlala ixesha elide kuthintela amanzi ukuba angene ngemitha kwintambo evela ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa izinto zeshelufu okanye iishelufu zesinyithi. Iintambo ezingangeni manzi eziphezulu zihlala zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezimbini zokufezekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo olungangeni manzi.
Umahluko phakathi kweentambo ezingangeni manzi kunye neentambo ezithintela amanzi
Nangona iinjongo zezi zimbini zifana, kukho umahluko ocacileyo kwimigaqo yolwakhiwo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa. Ingongoma ephambili yeentambo ezingangeni manzi kukuthintela amanzi ukuba angangeni ngaphakathi kweentambo. Ulwakhiwo lwazo ikakhulu lusebenzisa iishelufu zesinyithi okanye izinto zeshelufu ezinoxinano olukhulu, lugxininisa ukuthintela amanzi nge-radial. Zifanelekile kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi ixesha elide ezifana neempompo ezingaphantsi komhlaba, izixhobo ezingaphantsi komhlaba, kunye neetonela ezimanzi. Kwelinye icala, iintambo ezithintela amanzi zigxila ngakumbi kwindlela yokuthintela ukusasazeka kwamanzi emva kokuba engene. Ngokuyintloko zisebenzisa izinto ezithintela amanzi ezikhula xa zidibana namanzi, ezifana nomgubo othintela amanzi, intambo ethintela amanzi, kunye neteyipu ethintela amanzi, ukuze kufezekiswe iziphumo zokuthintela amanzi ezinde. Zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa ezifana neentambo zonxibelelwano, iintambo zamandla, kunye neentambo ze-optical. Ulwakhiwo lulonke lweentambo ezingangeni manzi luyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kwaye ixabiso liphezulu, ngelixa iintambo ezithintela amanzi zinesakhiwo esiguquguqukayo kunye neendleko ezilawulekayo, kwaye zifanelekile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokubeka.
Intshayelelo kwiifom zesakhiwo sokuvala amanzi (kwiintambo zokuvala amanzi)
Izakhiwo ezithintela amanzi zingahlulwahlulwa zibe zizakhiwo ezithintela amanzi kunye nezakhiwo ezithintela amanzi ngokwendawo yangaphakathi yentambo. Isakhiwo esithintela amanzi see-conductor siquka ukongeza umgubo othintela amanzi okanye intambo ethintela amanzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokujika kwee-conductors ukwenza umaleko womqobo wamanzi omde. Ifanelekile kwiimeko apho kufuneka kuthintelwe ukusasazeka ngaphakathi kwee-conductors. Isakhiwo esithintela amanzi se-core yentambo songeza iteyipu ethintela amanzi ngaphakathi kwe-core yentambo. Xa i-sheath yonakele kwaye amanzi engena, iyanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye ivale imijelo ye-core yentambo, ithintele ukusasazeka okungakumbi. Kwizakhiwo ezine-core ezininzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe uyilo oluzimeleyo lokuvimba amanzi kwi-core nganye ngokulandelelanayo ukuze kulungiswe iindawo ezingaboniyo ezithintela amanzi ezibangelwa zizithuba ezinkulu kunye nemilo engahambelaniyo yee-cores zentambo, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukuthembeka kokungena kwamanzi ngokubanzi.
Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa iintambo ezingangeni manzi kunye neentambo ezithintela amanzi (inguqulelo yesiNgesi)
Isiphelo
Iintambo ezingangeni manzi kunye neentambo ezithintela amanzi nganye ineempawu zayo zobugcisa kunye neziko zokusetyenziswa ezicacileyo. Kubunjineli bokwenyani, uyilo olufanelekileyo kakhulu lolwakhiwo olungangeni manzi kufuneka luhlolwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye lukhethwe ngokusekelwe kwindawo yokubeka, ubomi benkonzo, inqanaba le-voltage kunye neemfuno zokusebenza koomatshini. Kwangaxeshanye, ngelixa kugxininiswa ukusebenza kweentambo, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwezinto eziluhlaza ezingangeni manzi.
IHLABATHI ELINYEIzinikele ekuboneleleni abavelisi beentambo ngezisombululo ezipheleleyo zezinto ezingangeni manzi nezithintela amanzi, kubandakanya iteyiphu yokuthintela amanzi, iteyiphu yokuthintela amanzi eqhuba kancinci, intambo yokuthintela amanzi, iHDPE, i-polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE), njl.njl., egubungela iinkalo ezininzi ezifana nonxibelelwano, iintambo ze-optical, kunye namandla. Asiboneleli nje kuphela ngezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa sikwanayo neqela lobuchwephesha lokuxhasa abathengi ekuyileni nasekuphuculeni izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ezingangeni manzi, ukunceda ukuphucula ukuthembeka nokusebenza kweentambo.
Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neeparameter zemveliso okanye usetyenziso lweesampuli, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana neqela le-ONE WORLD.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-16-2025