Inkcazo ye-HDPE
I-HDPE yi-akhronimi edla ngokusetyenziswa ukubhekisa kwi-high density polyethylene. Sikwathetha ngeepleyiti zePE, LDPE okanye zePE-HD. I-Polyethylene yimpahla ye-thermoplastic eyinxalenye yentsapho yeeplastiki.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-polyethylenes. Lo mahluko uchazwa yinkqubo yokuvelisa eya kwahluka. Sithetha nge-polyethylene:
• Uxinzelelo oluphantsi (LDPE)
• Uxinzelelo olukhulu (HDPE)
• Uxinaniso oluphakathi (PEMD).
Ukongezelela, kusekho ezinye iintlobo ze-polyethylene: i-chlorinated (PE-C), ene-molecular weight high.
Zonke ezi zishunqulelo kunye neentlobo zemathiriyeli zisemgangathweni phantsi kwe-aegis yomgangatho we-NF EN ISO 1043-1
I-HDPE isiphumo esichanekileyo senkqubo yoxinaniso oluphezulu: Uxinaniso oluPhezulu lwePolyethylene. Ngayo, sinokwenza izinto zokudlala zabantwana, iingxowa zeplastiki, kunye nemibhobho esetyenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi!
Iplastiki ye-HDPE iveliswa kwi-petroleum synthesis. Ukwenziwa kwayo, i-HDPE ibandakanya amanyathelo ahlukeneyo:
• idistillation
• ukuqhekeka komphunga
• i-polymerization
• igranulation
Emva kolu tshintsho, imveliso imhlophe emhlophe, iguquguqukayo. Ke kulula kakhulu ukumila okanye umbala.
Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-HDPE kwishishini
Ngombulelo kwiimpawu zayo kunye neenzuzo, i-HDPE isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino.
Ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo esingqongileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
Ukwenziwa kweebhotile zeplastiki kunye nokupakishwa kweplastiki
I-HDPE yaziwa kakhulu kwishishini lokutya, ngakumbi ekwenzeni iibhotile zeplastiki.
Sisikhongozeli esigqwesileyo sokutya okanye iziselo okanye ukwenza iminqwazi yeebhotile. Akukho mngcipheko wokuqhekeka njengoko kunokubakho ngeglasi.
Ukongeza, ukupakishwa kweplastiki ye-HDPE kunenzuzo enkulu yokuphinda isetyenziswe.
Ngaphandle kweshishini lokutya, i-HDPE ifumaneka kwezinye iindawo zoshishino ngokubanzi:
• ukwenza iithoyi,
• ukhuselo lweplastiki yeencwadana,
• iibhokisi zokugcina
• ekwenziweni kwamaphenyane-kayaks
• ukudalwa kweebhoyi zebhakana
• kunye nabanye abaninzi !
I-HDPE kwishishini lemichiza kunye namayeza
Amashishini amachiza kunye namachiza asebenzisa i-HDPE kuba ineempawu zokuxhathisa iikhemikhali. Kuthiwa inert ngokwekhemikhali.
Ke, iya kusebenza njengesitya:
• kwiishampu
• iimveliso zasekhaya kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo
•ukuhlamba
• ioli ye-injini
Ikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhotile zamayeza.
Ukongeza, siyabona ukuba iibhotile ezenzelwe i-polypropylene zinamandla ngakumbi ekugcinweni kwazo kweemveliso xa zinemibala okanye i-pigmented.
I-HDPE yoshishino lokwakha kunye nokuqhuba ulwelo
Okokugqibela, enye yeminye imimandla esebenzisa kakhulu iHDPE licandelo lemibhobho kunye necandelo lokwakha ngokubanzi.
Iingcali zogutyulo lwelindle okanye ezokwakha zisetyenziselwa ukwakha nokufakela imibhobho eza kusetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ulwelo (amanzi, igesi).
Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1950, umbhobho we-HDPE uye wathatha indawo yombhobho welothe. Imibhobho yelothe yavalwa ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yobutyhefu bayo kumanzi okusela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbhobho we-polyethylene (HDPE) we-high-density (HDPE), ngumbhobho owenza ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okusela: enye yeyona mibhobho esetyenziswa kakhulu kulo msebenzi wokuhambisa amanzi okusela.
I-HDPE inikezela inzuzo yokuchasana nokuhlukahluka kobushushu bamanzi kumbhobho, ngokungafaniyo ne-LDPE (inkcazo ephantsi ye-polyethylene). Ukusabalalisa amanzi ashushu ngaphezu kwe-60 °, siya kuguqukela kwimibhobho ye-PERT (i-polyethylene echasene nobushushu).
I-HDPE iphinda yenza ukuba kube lula ukuthutha igesi ngombhobho, ukwenza imibhobho okanye izinto zokungenisa umoya kwisakhiwo.
Iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kokusebenzisa i-HDPE kwiindawo zoshishino
Kutheni le nto i-HDPE isetyenziswa ngokulula kwiindawo zemibhobho yoshishino? Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, zithini iingongoma zayo ezimbi?
Iinzuzo ze-HDPE njengezinto eziphathekayo
I-HDPE yimathiriyeli eneempawu ezininzi eziluncedo ezithethelela ukusetyenziswa kwayo kushishino okanye ukuqhutywa kolwelo kwimibhobho.
I-HDPE yinto engabizi kakhulu yomgangatho ongumzekelo. Iqinile ngakumbi (ayiqhawuki) ngelixa ihlala ikhanya.
Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwayo (ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu: ukusuka kwi--30 °C ukuya ku-+100 °C) kwaye ekugqibeleni iyamelana noninzi lwe-acids ye-solvent enokuthi iquke ngaphandle kokonakala. sag okanye uguqule.
Makhe sichaze ezinye zeenzuzo zayo:
I-HDPE: imathiriyeli ekulula ukuyijonga
Ndiyabulela kwinkqubo yokuvelisa eyenza i-HDPE, i-HDPE iyamelana nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu.
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuvelisa, xa ifikelela kwinqanaba lokunyibilika, izinto eziphathekayo zinokuthi zithathe isimo esikhethekileyo kwaye zilungelelanise neemfuno zabakhiqizi: nokuba ngaba ukudala iibhotile zeemveliso zendlu okanye ukubonelela ngemibhobho yamanzi eya kumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu.
Yingakho imibhobho ye-PE ixhathisa ukubola kwaye izinzile ngokuchasene neempendulo ezininzi zeekhemikhali.
I-HDPE ixhathisa kakhulu kwaye ayinamanzi
Enye inzuzo kwaye ingeyiyo encinci, i-HDPE ixhathisa kakhulu!
• I-HDPE iyaxhathisa ukudleka: ngoko ke imibhobho ehambisa ulwelo olunamandla ayiyi “kuhlwa”. Akuyi kubakho utshintsho kubukhulu bombhobho okanye umgangatho wokufakelwa kwexesha.
• Ukumelana nemihlaba endlongondlongo: ngendlela efanayo, ukuba umhlaba uneasidi kwaye umbhobho ungcwatyiwe, ukumila kwawo akunakulungiswa.
• I-HDPE ikwaxhathisa ngokugqithisileyo izothuso zangaphandle ezinokuthi zenzeke: amandla agqithiselwayo ngexesha lokothuka aya kuthi ke abangele ukuguquka kwelungu endaweni yokuwohloka kwalo. Ngokufanayo, umngcipheko wehamile yamanzi uncitshiswe kakhulu nge-HDPE
Imibhobho ye-HDPE ayingeneli: nokuba amanzi okanye emoyeni ngokunjalo. Ngumgangatho we-NF EN 1610 ovumela umzekelo ukuvavanya ukuqina kombhobho.
Ekugqibeleni, xa umbala omnyama, i-HDPE inokumelana ne-UV
I-HDPE ilula kodwa yomelele
Kwiindawo zemibhobho yoshishino, ukukhanya kwe-HDPE kuyinzuzo engenakuphikiswa: Imibhobho ye-HDPE kulula ukuyihambisa, ukuhamba okanye ukuyigcina.
Umzekelo, iPolypropylene, imitha enye yombhobho enobubanzi obungaphantsi kwama-300 inobunzima:
• I-5 kg kwi-HDPE
• 66 kg kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo
• 150 kg ikhonkrithi
Enyanisweni, ukuphatha ngokubanzi, ukufakwa kweepayipi ze-HDPE zenziwe lula kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezilula.
Umbhobho we-HDPE uphinde uxhathise, kuba uhlala ixesha elide ukususela ekubeni ubomi balo bunokuba lude kakhulu (ingakumbi i-HDPE 100).
Ubomi bombhobho buya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo: ubungakanani, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi okanye ukushisa kwamanzi ngaphakathi. Sithetha malunga ne-50 ukuya kwi-100 iminyaka yokuphila ixesha elide.
Ukungalungi kokusebenzisa i-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphezulu kwindawo yokwakha
Ngokuchasene noko, izinto ezingalunganga zokusebenzisa umbhobho we-HDPE zikhona.
Sinokucaphula umzekelo:
• Iimeko zofakelo ngexesha lesiza sokwakha kufuneka zicokiseke: ukuphathwa rhabaxa kunokuba yingozi
• akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-gluing okanye i-screwing ukudibanisa imibhobho emibini ye-HDPE
• kukho umngcipheko we-ovalization yeepayipi xa udibanisa iipayipi ezimbini
• I-HDPE ifunxa isandi ngaphezu kwezinye izinto (ezifana nentsimbi etyhidiweyo), enzima kakhulu ukuyibona
• kwaye kujongwe ukuvuza. Iinkqubo ezibiza kakhulu zisetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni inethiwekhi (iindlela zehydrophone)
• Ukwandiswa kwe-thermal kubalulekile nge-HDPE: umbhobho unokukhubazeka ngokuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa
• kubalulekile ukuhlonipha amaqondo obushushu aphezulu okusebenza ngokweempawu zeHDPE
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-11-2022