Inkcazo ye-HDPE
I-HDPE sisifinyezo esisetyenziswa kakhulu ukubhekisa kwi-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu. Sikwathetha ngeepleyiti ze-PE, LDPE okanye ze-PE-HD. I-Polyethylene yinto eyenziwe nge-thermoplastic eyinxalenye yosapho lweeplastiki.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-polyethylene. Olu mahluko luchazwa yinkqubo yokwenziwa eya kwahluka. Sithetha nge-polyethylene:
• uxinano oluphantsi (LDPE)
• uxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE)
• uxinano oluphakathi (i-PEMD).
Ukongeza, kusekho nezinye iintlobo ze-polyethylene: i-chlorinated (PE-C), enobunzima obukhulu kakhulu be-molecular.
Zonke ezi zifinyezo kunye neentlobo zezinto zimiselwe ngokwemigangatho ye-NF EN ISO 1043-1 esemgangathweni.
I-HDPE yimbangela yenkqubo yoxinano oluphezulu: iPolyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu. Ngayo, singenza izinto zokudlala zabantwana, iingxowa zeplastiki, kunye nemibhobho esetyenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi!
Iplastiki ye-HDPE iveliswa ngokwenziwa kwepetroleum. Kwimveliso yayo, i-HDPE ibandakanya amanyathelo ahlukeneyo:
• ukuhluzwa
• ukuqhekeka komphunga
• ukwenziwa kwepolymer
• ukwakheka kwe-granulation
Emva kolu tshintsho, imveliso iba mhlophe okobisi, ikhanye. Kulula kakhulu ukuyibumba okanye ukuyipenda.
Amatyala okusetyenziswa kwe-HDPE kushishino
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo kunye neenzuzo zayo, i-HDPE isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino.
Ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo esingqongileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:
Ukwenziwa kweebhotile zeplastiki kunye nokupakishwa kweplastiki
I-HDPE yaziwa kakhulu kwishishini lokutya, ingakumbi ekwenzeni iibhotile zeplastiki.
Sisikhongozeli esifanelekileyo sokutya okanye iziselo okanye sokwenza izivalo zeebhotile. Akukho mngcipheko wokwaphuka njengoko kunokwenzeka ngeglasi.
Ukongeza, ukupakishwa kweplastiki yeHDPE kunenzuzo enkulu yokuba kungasetyenziswa kwakhona.
Ngaphandle kweshishini lokutya, i-HDPE ifumaneka nakwezinye iindawo zoshishino ngokubanzi:
• ukwenza amathoyizi,
• izikhuselo zeplastiki zeencwadi zamanqaku,
• iibhokisi zokugcina izinto
• ekwenzeni ii-canoes-kayaks
• ukudalwa kweebhakoni ezithwala iibhoyi
• kunye nabanye abaninzi!
I-HDPE kwishishini leekhemikhali kunye namayeza
Amashishini eekhemikhali namayeza asebenzisa i-HDPE kuba ineempawu zokuxhathisa iikhemikhali. Kuthiwa ayinayo ikhemikhali.
Ngoko ke, iya kusebenza njengesitya:
• kwiishampu
• iimveliso zasekhaya mazisetyenziswe ngononophelo
•ukuhlamba
• ioyile yenjini
Ikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhotile zamayeza.
Ukongeza, sibona ukuba iibhotile ezenziwe nge-polypropylene zinamandla ngakumbi ekugcinweni kwazo kweemveliso xa zinombala okanye zinombala.
I-HDPE yoshishino lokwakha kunye nokuhanjiswa kolwelo
Okokugqibela, enye yeendawo ezisebenzisa kakhulu i-HDPE yintsimi yemibhobho kunye necandelo lokwakha ngokubanzi.
Iingcali zococeko okanye zokwakha ziyisebenzisa ukwakha nokufaka imibhobho eza kusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ulwelo (amanzi, igesi).
Ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1950, umbhobho we-HDPE uthathe indawo yombhobho welothe. Imibhobho yelothe yathintelwa kancinci kancinci ngenxa yobuthi bayo emanzini okusela.
Kwelinye icala, umbhobho we-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE) ngumbhobho owenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa kwamanzi okusela: ngomnye wemibhobho esetyenziswa kakhulu kulo msebenzi wokubonelela ngamanzi okusela.
I-HDPE inika ithuba lokumelana nokutshintsha kobushushu bamanzi kumbhobho, ngokungafaniyo ne-LDPE (i-polyethylene ekumgangatho ophantsi). Ukuze sisasaze amanzi ashushu ngaphezulu kwama-60°, kungcono sisebenzise imibhobho ye-PERT (i-polyethylene enganyangekiyo kubushushu).
I-HDPE ikwavumela ukuthutha igesi ngetyhubhu, ukwenza imibhobho okanye izinto zokungenisa umoya kwisakhiwo.
Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kokusebenzisa i-HDPE kwiindawo zoshishino
Kutheni i-HDPE isetyenziswa lula kangaka kwiindawo zokufaka imibhobho yemizi-mveliso? Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, zithini izinto ezimbi ezinokuba yingxaki yayo?
Iingenelo zeHDPE njengezinto
I-HDPE yinto eneempawu ezininzi ezilungileyo ezithethelela ukusetyenziswa kwayo kushishino okanye ekuqhutyweni kolwelo kwimibhobho.
I-HDPE yinto engabizi kakhulu ngenxa yomgangatho obalaseleyo. Iqinile kakhulu (ayiphuki) ngelixa ihlala ilula.
Iyakwazi ukumelana namanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yayo yokwenziwa (amaqondo obushushu aphantsi naphezulu: ukusuka kwi -30 °C ukuya kwi +100 °C) kwaye ekugqibeleni iyamelana ne-asidi ezininzi ze-solvent enokuba nazo ngaphandle kokonakala.
Makhe sichaze ezinye zeenzuzo zayo:
I-HDPE: isixhobo esisetyenziswa ngokulula
Ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvelisa eyenza i-HDPE, i-HDPE iyamelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, xa ifikelela kwinqanaba lokunyibilika, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zingathatha imo ekhethekileyo kwaye zilungelelanise neemfuno zabavelisi: nokuba kukwenza iibhotile zemveliso zasekhaya okanye ukubonelela ngemibhobho yamanzi eya kumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu.
Yingakho iipayipi ze-PE zimelana nokugqwala kwaye zizinzile kwiimpendulo ezininzi zeekhemikhali.
I-HDPE ayinamandla kwaye ayingeni manzi
Enye inzuzo kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu, i-HDPE ayinamandla kakhulu!
• I-HDPE iyamelana nokugqwala: ngaloo ndlela imibhobho ethwala ulwelo olunamandla ayizukuba “nokugqwala”. Akuyi kubakho tshintsho kubukhulu bombhobho okanye kumgangatho wezixhobo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Ukuxhathisa umhlaba odlamkileyo: ngendlela efanayo, ukuba umhlaba une-asidi kwaye umbhobho ugqunywe, imo yawo ayinakutshintshwa.
• I-HDPE ikwamelana kakhulu noxinzelelo lwangaphandle olunokwenzeka: amandla adluliselwa ngexesha loxinzelelo aza kubangela ukuguquka kwenxalenye endaweni yokuba yonakale. Ngokufanayo, umngcipheko wehammer yamanzi uncitshiswa kakhulu nge-HDPE.
Imibhobho ye-HDPE ayingeni manzi: nokuba ngamanzi okanye emoyeni. Ngumgangatho we-NF EN 1610 ovumela umzekelo ukuvavanya ukuqina kwetyhubhu.
Okokugqibela, xa inombala omnyama, i-HDPE inokumelana ne-UV
I-HDPE ilula kodwa inamandla
Kwiindawo zokufaka imibhobho yemizi-mveliso, ukukhaphukhaphu kwe-HDPE yinzuzo engenakuphikiswa: imibhobho ye-HDPE kulula ukuyithutha, ukuyihambisa okanye ukuyigcina.
Umzekelo, iPolypropylene, imitha enye yombhobho enobubanzi obungaphantsi kwama-300 ubunzima:
• 5 kg kwi-HDPE
• I-66 kg yentsimbi ephosiweyo
• Ikhonkrithi eyi-150 kg
Enyanisweni, ukuze kuphathwe ngokubanzi, ukufakwa kwemibhobho ye-HDPE kulula kwaye kufuna izixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu.
Umbhobho we-HDPE nawo uyamelana, kuba uhlala ixesha elide kuba ubomi bawo bunokuba bude kakhulu (ingakumbi i-HDPE 100).
Le ndlela yokuphila yombhobho iya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo: ubungakanani, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi okanye ubushushu bolwelo olungaphakathi. Sithetha ngeminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwe-100 yokuphila ixesha elide.
Iingxaki zokusebenzisa i-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu kwindawo yokwakha
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kukho neengxaki zokusebenzisa umbhobho we-HDPE.
Singakhankanya umzekelo:
• iimeko zokufakelwa ngexesha lokwakha kufuneka zicwangciswe ngononophelo: ukuphathwa gadalala kunokuba yingozi
• akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa iglu okanye isikrufu ukudibanisa imibhobho emibini yeHDPE
• kukho umngcipheko wokwenzeka kwe-oval kwemibhobho xa idibanisa imibhobho emibini
• I-HDPE ifunxa isandi ngaphezu kwezinye izinto (ezifana nentsimbi ephoswe ngesinyithi), nto leyo ekunzima ukuyiqonda.
• ngaloo ndlela kujongwe ukuvuza. Emva koko kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezibiza kakhulu ukujonga inethiwekhi (iindlela ze-hydrophone)
• ukwandiswa kobushushu kubalulekile nge-HDPE: umbhobho unokonakala ngokuxhomekeke kubushushu
• kubalulekile ukuhlonipha amaqondo obushushu aphezulu okusebenza ngokweempawu ze-HDPE
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-11-2022