Kwisakhiwo seentambo ze-fiber optic, i-filling compound yilaphu elijongelwa phantsi ngokulula kodwa libaluleke kakhulu. Ayithathi nxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo ekudlulisweni kwesignali ye-optical, kwaye ayibonakali ngokucacileyo njenge-external sheath, kodwa ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye nokuzinza kokudluliselwa kwentambo, okwenza ibe yinto ebalulekileyo esebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwentambo ixesha elide.
I. Yintoni iFilling Compound kwaye Kutheni "Iyimfuneko" kwiintambo zeFiber Optic?
I-fibre optic cable filling compound ayisiyo "grease" eqhelekileyo okanye "ipetroleum jelly," kodwa yinto esebenzayo efana ne-paste ecacileyo eyenziwe yi-base oils, iinkqubo zokutyeba, izinto ezithintela amanzi, iinkqubo ze-antioxidant, kunye nezinye izinto. Umbindi we-optical fiber yintambo yeglasi ye-quartz ecolekileyo kakhulu, eneempawu ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ukuthambekela emanzini, ukufuma, kunye noxinzelelo loomatshini. Nje ukuba ukufuma kungene kumphezulu we-optical fiber, kunokubangela ii-micro-cracks kwaye kukhokelele ekuncipheni kwesignali okwandisiweyo, okunokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwefayibha kwixesha elide. Ukongeza, kukho ii-micro-voids ezininzi kwisakhiwo seentambo, ezifana phakathi kweetyhubhu ezikhululekileyo, kwiindawo ezivulekileyo, nakwiindawo ezijikeleze amalungu omandla, anokwenza iindlela zokufuduka kwamanzi kunye nokufuma.
Imisebenzi ephambili ye-compound yokuzalisa ibonakala kwiinkalo ezimbini. Okokuqala, ukuvimba amanzi kunye nokumelana nokufuma: i-compound izalisa ngokupheleleyo izithuba zangaphakathi zentambo, yenze umqobo oqhubekayo we-hydrophobic othintela ngokufanelekileyo ukufuduka kwamanzi okude, ngokusisiseko ukhusela uzinzo lwesakhiwo se-optical fiber. Okwesibini, ukhuseleko loomatshini lokukhusela: ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ekhululekileyo, i-compound igquma i-optical fiber ukuze yenze umaleko wenkxaso oguquguqukayo. Xa intambo iphantsi kwamandla angaphandle afana nokugoba, ukuxinana, okanye ukungcangcazela, isasaza ngokufanelekileyo uxinzelelo kwaye inciphise umngcipheko wokulahleka kwe-microbending, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali okuzinzileyo.
II. I-Fiber Gel vs. I-Cable Jelly: Iindima ezahlukeneyo, iimbopheleleko ezahlukeneyo
Kwishishini leentambo ze-fiber optic, iikhompawundi zokuzalisa zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini:Ijeli yefayibhakwayeIjeli yeCableKukho umahluko omkhulu kwiindawo zabo zokufaka izicelo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.
I-Fiber Gel sisixhobo esisebenzayo esidibana ngqo ne-optical fiber, ngokuyintloko sigcwalisa ingaphakathi leetyhubhu ezikhululekileyo okanye izakhiwo zomqolo, sigcina unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo lwexesha elide ne-fiber. Ke ngoko, iimfuno zayo zokusebenza zingqongqo kakhulu: kufuneka ibe nococeko oluphezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokungcola koomatshini; iimpawu ezilungileyo zokuxinezeleka okuphantsi ezingabangela iziphumo ze-microbending kwi-fiber; ixabiso le-asidi eliphantsi okanye eliphantse libe ne-neutral ukuze kuthintelwe impembelelo yekhemikhali yexesha elide kwi-fiber coating; kunye nolawulo olubalulekileyo lokusebenza kokuguquka kwe-hydrogen, njengoko i-hydrogen inokubangela ukulahleka kwe-OH-absorption kwi-optical fiber, okukhokelela ekuncipheni kwesignali kwi-1.38μm band. Ngokuphathelele ukhetho lwe-oyile yesiseko, i-Fiber Gel isebenzisa kakhulu ii-hydrogenated mineral oils ezicocekileyo kakhulu okanye iinkqubo ze-oyile zesiseko zokwenziwa, eziluncedo zazo ziquka ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo lwe-molecular kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kwe-batch-to-batch, okwenza zifaneleke ngakumbi kwizicelo zekhebula ezithembekileyo kakhulu.
I-Cable Jelly isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuzaliseni izikhewu eziphambili, iindawo ezingenanto kwisakhiwo, okanye izakhiwo zangaphandle zentambo. Ayidibani ngqo ne-optical fiber, kwaye imisebenzi yayo ephambili kukuvala amanzi ngokubanzi kunye nokuzaliswa kwesakhiwo. Ke ngoko, iimfuno zayo zokucoceka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-optical ziphantsi kakhulu, kodwa kufuneka ibe nokusebenza kakuhle kokuvala amanzi kunye nokuzinza kwexesha elide. Iinkqubo ze-oyile ezisisiseko zisebenzisa iinkqubo ze-oyile ye-hydrogenated mineral oil naphthenic okanye ephakathi, zifezekisa ulungelelwano phakathi kweendleko kunye nokusebenza, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke ngakumbi kukhuseleko lwangaphandle.
Ngokwembono yenkqubo yezinto, iikhompawundi zokuzalisa zingahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu: ikhompawundi yeoyile yeminerali, ikhompawundi yeoyile yokwenziwa, kunye nekhompawundi yeoyile yesilicone. Ikhompawundi yeoyile yeminerali inika ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko eziphezulu kwaye yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ikhompawundi yeoyile yokwenziwa idla ngokusekwe kwi-PAO (polyalphaolefin) njengeoyile esisiseko, inikezela ngokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kubushushu obuphezulu nobuphantsi kunye nokuzinza kwe-oxidation. Ikhompawundi yeoyile yesilicone ifanelekile kwiindawo ezinobushushu obugqithisileyo, igcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kuluhlu oluqala kwi -70°C ukuya kwi-200°C, kodwa ixabiso layo liphezulu kwaye ayihambelani neenkqubo yeoyile yeminerali.
III. Imiba Eqhelekileyo kunye Neendlela Zokuchasana Nezicelo Ezisebenzayo
Ngexesha lokuveliswa, ukufakwa, kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide kweentambo ze-fiber optic, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zinokuvela kwiikhompawundi zokuzalisa.
Ukwahlulwa kweoyile kudla ngokubonakala njengeoyile esisiseko eyahlula kwinkqubo yekhompawundi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusasazweni okungalinganiyo kwekhompawundi, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kwi-optical fiber kunye nokulahleka okwandisiweyo kwe-microbending. Isizathu esiyintloko sidla ngokunxulumene noyilo lwenkqubo yokutyeba okanye ulawulo lwenkqubo yokusasazeka.
Ukuqina kobushushu obuphantsi kubonakala ngakumbi kwiindawo ezibandayo. Iinkqubo zeoyile yeminerali eziqhelekileyo zifumana ukwehla kwe-viscoelasticity kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, zingakwazi ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olusebenzayo lwe-buffering, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekunxibelelaneni ngqo phakathi kwe-optical fiber kunye nodonga lwetyhubhu. Oku kufanele kuphuculwe ngokukhetha iinkqubo zeoyile yokwenziwa okanye ye-silicone.
Iingxaki zokuhambelana zibonakala kakhulu njengokungahambelani ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokweekhemikhali phakathi kwekhompawundi kunye nezinto ezifana neetyhubhu ezikhululekileyo ze-PBT, iifayibha zokugquma, kunye nezinto ezithintela amanzi, okunokukhokelela ekudumbeni kwezinto okanye ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza kwexesha elide. Ke ngoko, uvavanyo oluqatha lokuhambelana kufuneka lwenziwe kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.
Iingxaki zokuvela kwe-hydrogen zivela ikakhulu kwizinto ezingazinzanga kwinkqubo ye-compound, ezinokukhupha i-hydrogen kancinci kancinci ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni okongeziweyo kwe-optical fiber. Ke ngoko, kufuneka ulawulo oluqinileyo lokucoceka kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokufuma kwendawo yemveliso.
Imiba yenkqubo yokuzalisa inxulumene neempawu ze-thixotropic zeeparamitha zolawulo lwe-compound kunye nezixhobo, ezifana nesantya sokuzalisa, ulawulo lobushushu, kunye nokusasazwa koxinzelelo olungalinganiyo, konke oku kunokuchaphazela ukufana kokusasazwa kwe-compound ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ekhululekileyo kwaye ngenxa yoko kuchaphazele ukusebenza kwekhebula iyonke.
Isiphelo
Nangona i-compound yokuzalisa ithatha indawo engabalulekanga kwisakhiwo seentambo, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esisebenzayo esichaphazela ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza kokudluliselwa kweentambo ze-fiber optic. Idlala indima engenakutshintshwa ekuthinteleni amanzi, ukumelana nokufuma, ukuxinana, kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo. Njengoko iinethiwekhi zonxibelelwano ze-fiber optic ziqhubeka nokuguquka ziye kwisantya esiphezulu, amandla amakhulu, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende, iimfuno zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zolawulo lwenkqubo yee-compound zokuzalisa iintambo nazo ziyanda ngokuthe chu.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-29-2026