Kwimveliso yeengcingo kunye neentambo, izixhobo zomqhubi ziquka isilivere, ithusi, kunye ne-aluminium. Isilivere inika amandla ombane aphezulu, kodwa ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphezulu, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintambo zesignali ezisebenzisa amaza aphezulu, iintambo zezixhobo ezichanekileyo, kunye neentambo zesandi eziphezulu. I-Copper ine-conductivity yesibini emva kwesilivere kwaye inika amandla okuqhubekeka kakuhle, iipropati zoomatshini, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, okwenza ukuba isetyenziswe kakhulu kwiintambo zamandla, kwiintambo zokwakha, kwiintambo zokulawula, nakwiintambo zonxibelelwano. I-aluminium ine-conductivity emalunga ne-60% yobhedu (malunga ne-61% ye-IACS) ngelixa inesinye kwisithathu soxinano lobhedu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, okwenza ukuba isetyenziswe rhoqo kwiintambo ezifakwe umoya, kwiintambo zothumelo, nakwiintambo zamandla ezinkulu ezinqamlezileyo.
Ukusebenza komqhubi akuxhomekanga kwisinyithi kuphela kodwa nakwindlela ezihambelana ngayo izinto ezithintela ubushushu, izinto ezithintela ubushushu, kunye neenkqubo zezinto ezinxulumene noko. Ukuthatha umzekelo wekopolo engena-oksijini ecocekileyo kakhulu, ukuhambelana kwezinto okunganelanga kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuzinza kwe-interface ngexesha lenkonzo yexesha elide, okunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kombane kunye nokuthembeka. I-Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC),I-Polyethylene eDibeneyo (XLPE), kunye neekhompawundi zokufakelwa kwe-Polypropylene (PP) nganye ineempawu ezahlukeneyo ngokubhekiselele ekumelaneni nobushushu, ukusebenza kombane, kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali. Phakathi kwazo, i-XLPE kunye ne-PP ngokubanzi zilungele ngcono usetyenziso olufuna ukulinganiswa kobushushu obuphezulu okanye ukusebenza kombane okuphuculweyo. Ke ngoko, ukuhambelana kwe-conductor-insulation yinto ebalulekileyo ekuyilweni kwentambo.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzoba ucingo, ii-copper conductors ziphuhlisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, olunokuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kombane. Ngokusebenzisa i-annealing, ukuhanjiswa kombane kunokuphuculwa ngelixa kuphucula ukuguquguquka. Nangona kunjalo, ii-annealed soft copper conductors zinamandla aphantsi oomatshini. Ngenxa yoko, uxinzelelo lwe-conductor, ubushushu be-extrusion, kunye neemeko zokupholisa kufuneka zilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwe-insulation ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwe-conductor kunye nokufana komaleko we-insulation. Oku kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokunxibelelana phakathi kweenkqubo zokucubungula i-conductor kunye ne-insulation extrusion.
Kwindlela yokudlulisa isignali ye-frequency ephezulu, isiphumo sesikhumba sibangela ukuba umbane ugxile kumphezulu we-conductor, nto leyo eyenza iimpawu zokuqhuba umphezulu zibaluleke kakhulu. Kwezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa ezixabisa kakhulu, ii-conductor ze-Copper-Clad Aluminium (CCA) zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisela iindleko kunye nobunzima, ngelixa ii-conductor ze-Silver-Coated Copper (SCC) okanye ze-silver-plated copper zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-applications ezisebenza kakhulu nezithembekileyo. Okwangoku, izixhobo zokukhusela ezinokulahleka kwe-dielectric ephantsi kunye ne-dielectric ephantsi-ezifana ne-Foam Polyethylene (Foam PE), i-Foam Polypropylene (Foam PP), kunye nee-compounds ze-XLPE ezicocekileyo kakhulu-zinokunceda ukunciphisa ukuncitshiswa kwesignali kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-high-frequency transmission.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zifuna izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zomqhubi. Iintambo zokubonisa uloliwe zihlala zibeka phambili ii-copper conductor ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka koomatshini kunye nozinzo lwesignali. Iintambo zothumelo emoyeni zisebenzisa kakhulu ii-aluminium conductors, zihlala zidityaniswa ne-PVC engangenisi mozulu okanye i-Polyethylene emnyama (PE) sheathing ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqina kokusingqongileyo. Iintambo zaselwandle kunye nezolwandle zihlala zibeka phambili ii-Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) sheathing compounds ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno zokhuseleko lomlilo olungenamsi uphantsi, olungena-halogen, kunye nolunetyhefu ephantsi. Kwii-harnesses ze-wiring ze-high-voltage ze-new vehicle (NEV), ii-aluminium conductors zifuna ii-insulation compounds ze-XLPE ezihambelanayo, ii-heat-resistant sheathing compounds, kunye nezisombululo ezikhethekileyo zoqhagamshelo lwesiphelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka koqhagamshelo lwexesha elide.
Ngamafutshane, ukhetho lwe-conductor alubandakanyi kuphela ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductivity, amandla oomatshini, ubunzima, kunye neendleko, kodwa kunye noyilo oludibeneyo lwee-insulation compounds, ii-sheathing compounds, kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nekhebula. Izinto ezifana nee-insulation compounds ze-XLPE, ii-PVC sheathing compounds,Iikhompawundi ze-LSZH, i-Foam PE, kunye ne-Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kombane, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nobomi benkonzo yabaqhubi. Ukuhambelana ngokufanelekileyo phakathi kwabaqhubi kunye nezixhobo zekhebula kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ukuthembeka kwekhebula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-29-2026