Njengoko iimfuno zokhuseleko lomlilo ziqhubeka zisanda kumashishini afana nezothutho lukaloliwe, amaziko edatha, izakhiwo zorhwebo, amandla avuselelekayo, usasazo lwamandla, kunye nonxibelelwano, iintambo zeLow Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) ziye zaba lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwiizicelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa neentambo zePVC eziqhelekileyo, iintambo zeLSZH azivelisi msi mkhulu kwaye azikhuphi iigesi ezirhabaxa ezinehalogen ngexesha lomlilo, nto leyo enceda ukuphucula ukhuseleko lokuphuma ngexesha lomlilo ngelixa kunciphisa umonakalo kwizixhobo nakwiziseko zophuhliso.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba yi-LSZH akwenzi intambo ingagugi. Kwiminyaka emininzi yokusebenza, iintambo zisenokuqhekeka kwisingxobo, ukonakala kokusebenza kwe-insulation, ukulahleka kweempawu zoomatshini, kwanokungaphumeleli kwe-insulation. Nangona ubomi bentambo buxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana noyilo, umgangatho wokwenziwa, ukufakwa, kunye neemeko zokusebenza, izixhobo ze-LSZH—ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-insulation yentambo kunye ne-jacketing—zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.
Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo Zokwaluphala Kwiintambo zeLSZH
Njengoko iintambo ziguga, zombini i-insulation kunye ne-outer sheath ziyawohloka kancinci kancinci. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokungaphumeleli ziquka iijakethi eziqinileyo okanye eziqhekekileyo, ukungena komswakama, ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi, ukunyuka kobushushu okungaqhelekanga, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu, kunye nokungaphumeleli kokufakelwa. Ezi ngxaki zinokuphazamisa ukuthembeka kokudluliselwa kwamandla kwaye ekugqibeleni zinokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwexesha lezixhobo, ii-short circuits, okanye ezinye iingozi zokhuseleko.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusilela kweentambo akwenzeki ngequbuliso. Endaweni yoko, kubangelwa kukuwohloka kancinci kancinci kweempawu zezinto. Umzekelo, imingxunya emincinci kwishedi yangaphandle ivumela ukufuma kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo ukuba zingene kwintambo, nto leyo ekhawulezisa ukuguga kwe-insulation. Ngokufanayo, ukuvezwa ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kubangela ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kweempawu zoomatshini nezombane zezinto, ekugqibeleni kunciphisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo yeentambo.
Ukuvezwa Kobushushu Bexesha Elide Kukhawulezisa Ukuguga Kwezinto Ze-LSZH
Ukuguga kobushushu yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokuwohloka kwentambo. Xa intambo isebenza phantsi kweemeko zokuxinana okanye ifakwe kwiindawo apho ubushushu bungasasazeki kakuhle khona, ubushushu obuveliswa yi-conductor budluliselwa rhoqo kwi-insulation kunye nejakethi, nto leyo eveza izinto ze-LSZH kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kangangexesha elide.
Ukuvezwa kubushushu ixesha elide kubangela ukuwohloka kwe-oxidative kwi-polymer matrix kunye notshintsho kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi sezinto. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ziyaqina kancinci kancinci kwaye zibe buthathaka ngakumbi, kwaye umphezulu unokuqhekeka. Kwangaxeshanye, amandla okuxinana, ukunwebeka xa kuqhekeka, kunye neempawu zombane ziyancipha, nto leyo enciphisa amandla entambo okumelana noxinzelelo loomatshini kunye nokusingqongileyo kwaye yandisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kokufakwa kwe-insulation.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umgangatho ophezuluIkhompawundi ye-LSZHayifanele inike kuphela ukusebenza okugqwesileyo okuthintela umlilo kodwa ikwabonelela nangokuxhathisa ukuguga kobushushu obuphezulu, uzinzo lobushushu bexesha elide, kunye nokugcinwa kweempawu zoomatshini kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza kwayo.
Ukufuma Kunokunciphisa Ukuthembeka Kwenkqubo Yokugquma
Iindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu—ezifana neetonela ezingaphantsi komhlaba, iinkqubo zemetro, iitonela, amazibuko, kunye nokufakelwa kweentambo zolwandle—zinokukhawulezisa kakhulu ukuguga kweentambo. Ukuba ijakethi yentambo yonakele okanye amalungu entambo awavalwanga kakuhle, ukufuma kunokungena kancinci kancinci kwintambo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni kokumelana nobushushu kunye nokusebenza kombane okonakeleyo.
Kwiintambo ezigqunywe nge-XLPE (Cross-Linked Polyethylene), ukungena komswakama ixesha elide kunokubangela ukugawulwa kwamanzi, indlela yokuwohloka enciphisa ukugawulwa kwamanzi kancinci kancinci. Kwiintambo ze-voltage eziphakathi neziphezulu, ukugawulwa kwamanzi kakhulu ekugqibeleni kunokuphumela ekukhutshweni okungaphelelanga kunye nokungaphumeleli kokugawulwa kwamanzi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukugawulwa kwamanzi kwenzeka kwi-insulation ye-XLPE kunokuba kwenzeke kwijakethi ye-LSZH ngokwayo.
Ngoko ke, izixhobo ze-LSZH ezisebenza kakuhle akufuneki zibonelele kuphela ngeempawu ezingasebenzisi msi kakhulu, ezingenayo i-halogen, kunye nezingatshisi ilangabi, kodwa zikwanomoya ophantsi wokufunxa amanzi, iimpawu ze-dielectric ezizinzileyo, kunye nokumelana okuhle nokuguga komswakama. Ezi mpawu zinceda ukugcina ukuthembeka kwejakethi, ukunciphisa amathuba okungena komswakama, kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwentambo ixesha elide kwiindawo ezifumileyo.
Ukonakala koomatshini kunye nokuvezwa kweekhemikhali kunokunceda ubomi bekhebula bufutshane
Umonakalo woomatshini usengomnye wezona zizathu ziphambili zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentambo ngaphambi kwexesha. Uxinzelelo, ukutsalwa kakhulu, ukugoba kakhulu ngexesha lokufakwa, okanye umonakalo obangelwe ngumsebenzi wokwakha kamva unokonakalisa ijakethi yangaphandle ekhuselayo, okwenza kube lula ukuba umswakama, uthuli, kunye nezinto ezirhabaxa zingene kwintambo kwaye zikhawulezise ukonakala kwe-insulation.
Kwizityalo zeekhemikhali, kwiindawo ezikunxweme, nakwezinye iindawo zoshishino ezinzima, ii-cable jackets zisenokuchaphazeleka kwii-asidi, ii-alkali, i-salt spray, kunye neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ixesha elide. Ukuba izinto ze-jacket azinawo amandla aneleyo eekhemikhali, zinokuba yitshokholethi, ziqhekeke, okanye zilahlekelwe ngamandla oomatshini, ekugqibeleni zinciphise ukuthembeka kwe-cable ixesha elide.
Kwizicelo ezifuna amandla amaninzi, iikhompawundi zejakethi ze-LSZH kufuneka zidibanise ukusebenza okugqwesileyo okuthintela ilangatye kunye nokumelana okunamandla kokukrala, ukumelana neempembelelo, ukumelana neekhemikhali, kunye nokuguquguquka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zenkonzo.
Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphathekayo kuchaphazela nokuthembeka kwexesha elide
Izihlanganisi zekhebula ziphakathi kwezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo zokusilela kwiinkqubo zekhebula. Nangona umgangatho wofakelo ubalulekile, ukuhambelana kwezinto akufuneki kujongwe. Ukuba izixhobo ezidibeneyo zahlukile kakhulu kwi-insulation okanye ijakethi ngokubhekiselele ekukhuleni kobushushu, ukuncitshiswa, okanye iimpawu zoomatshini, ukujikeleza okuphindaphindiweyo kobushushu kunokudala uxinzelelo oluya kuphazamisa ukusebenza kokutywina kunye nokuthembeka kwe-insulation.
Ukongeza, iikhompawundi ze-LSZH ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokubonisa ukusasazeka okungonelanga kwezamba, ukuhamba kokunyibilika okungazinzanga, okanye ukuncitshiswa okungaguqukiyo ngexesha lokucubungula. Ezi ngxaki zinokuchaphazela umgangatho wokukhupha, zenze kube nzima ukuhlanganiswa kweentambo, kwaye zonyuse umngcipheko wokusilela kwenkonzo ixesha elide.
Ukukhetha izixhobo ze-LSZH ezinentsebenzo eqhubekayo yokucubungula kunye neempawu zomzimba ezizinzileyo kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wokuvelisa ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukuba ziyahambelana ngcono nezixhobo zekhebula.
Indlela Izixhobo zeLSZH ezikumgangatho ophezulu eziphucula ngayo ukuthembeka kweCable
Kubavelisi beentambo, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezinto kubalulekile ekuveliseni iimveliso ezinokuthenjwa. Ikhompawundi ye-LSZH ekumgangatho ophezulu ayifanele ihlangabezane neemfuno eziphantsi komsi, ezingenayo i-halogen, kwaye azinamlilo, kodwa ikwabonelela ngokumelana okuhle kokuguga kobushushu, amandla oomatshini, ukusebenza kombane, ukumelana nokufuma, kunye nokuqina kokucubungula.
Izixhobo ze-LSZH ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinceda ukugcina ukuthembeka koomatshini kunye nombane kwe-cable insulation kunye neejakethi, zicothisa ukonakala kwezinto phantsi kokuvezwa ixesha elide kubushushu, ukufuma, kunye neemeko zenkonzo enzima. Oku kunceda ekuphuculeni ukuhambelana kwemveliso, ukuthembeka okuphuculweyo, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende.
Ukongeza, iteyiphu ye-LSZH ingasetyenziselwa ukusonga intambo, ukwahlula, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo ezincedisayo, ibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo loomatshini kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo ngelixa igcina ukusebenza okungenamsi kakhulu kunye nokusebenza okungena-halogen.
Njengoko iimfuno zokusebenza ziqhubeka zisanda kumashishini okwakha, oololiwe, umbane, amandla avuselelekayo, kunye nonxibelelwano, abavelisi beentambo abaninzi bagxininisa kakhulu kumgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo. Ukukhetha izixhobo ze-LSZH ezithembekileyo akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuhambelana kwemveliso kodwa kunceda ekunciphiseni ukusilela kwentsimi kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yeentambo.
Isiphelo
Ukwaluphala kweentambo ze-LSZH kudla ngokuba yimiphumo yezinto ezininzi ezisebenzisanayo, kuquka ukuvezwa kubushushu ixesha elide, ukufuma, umonakalo woomatshini, ukuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali, kunye nokuzinza kwexesha elide kwezinto ngokwazo. Phakathi kwezi zinto, ukusebenza kwezixhobo ze-LSZH kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni indlela intambo ekwaziyo ukumelana ngayo noxinzelelo lobushushu, lokusingqongileyo, kunye nolwemishini ubomi bayo bonke.
Kubavelisi beentambo, ukukhetha iikhompawundi zeLSZH ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neeteyiphu zeLSZH kubalulekile kungekuphela nje ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezingatshiyo, ezingatshiyo kakhulu, kunye nezingatshiyo zehalogen, kodwa nasekuphuculeni ukumelana nokuguga kobushushu, ukuqina koomatshini, kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza ixesha elide. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngesisombululo esikhuselekileyo, esihlala ixesha elide, nesinoxanduva lokusingqongileyo kwiinkqubo zeentambo zanamhlanje ezisetyenziswa kwizakhiwo, kwiindlela zokuthutha oololiwe, kumandla avuselelekayo, kusasazo lwamandla, nakunxibelelwano ngefowuni.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-29-2026